Summary
Summary Hormone receptors
- Course
- Institution
Understand hormone receptors
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
qusaielfires
Content preview
HORMONE RECEPTORS:(recognizes hormone, binds it and generates a response to the hormone)1. Ligand-gated ion channels: Hormones, which change the electrical
potential of the membrane by controlling how many ions enter/exit cell. (Membrane)
Sodium Potassium pump eg:
Influx of positively charged ions (Na)/Efflux of negatively charged
ions (Cl) = depolarizes membrane & brings it closer to 0.
Efflux of K = hyperpolarizes membrane, becomes more negative.
2. G Protein-Coupled Receptors. (Membrane)
= Protein that attaches GDP (inactive) or GTP (active).)
- Passes through the membrane 7 times (from NH2 -> COOH side)
- Activates enzyme adenylate-cyclase, generating a secondary First messenger = hormone
messenger, activating a G-protein. (Transmembrane domain 6)
Coupling system = G protein
Effector system = Enzyme
G Proteins: (Formed from 3 Independent protein chains. (Alpha, beta & gamma).)
- Attaches GDP in the inactive form.
-Once hormone binds to the receptor, G proteins become active, attaching GTP and removing 2 of the protein chains.
Types of
G Proteins
----->
Secondary Messengers:
1. Intracellular Calcium (Involved in the process of contraction via interconnection of actin and myosin)
2. cAMP = In the heart, activates protein kinase A which:
- Increase heart rate
- relaxation of smooth vascular, bronchial and myometrial muscles
- Mobilize energy reserves
- Homeostasis of water and calcium.
3. Phosphatidylinositol system (Membrane phospholipids that generate secondary messengers)
Enzyme (phospholipase C) splits phospholipid into Diacylglycerol and Inositol triphosphate ( secondary messengers).
4. cGMP and Guanylate Cyclase (converts GTP -> cGMP
3. Enzyme Receptors: (membrane) -> act as enzymes when hormone attaches.
4. Nuclear Hormone Receptors: (inside the cell) -> Hormone attaches at the carboxy terminus end.
Attaching to DNA -> activation of transcription
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller qusaielfires. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.89. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
83662 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now