HIEU 322- Roman Civilization Midterm
"Carthaginian formation" - ANS-war elephants in front of military--> phalanx in the center -->
mercenary infantry on the right --> cavalry
Aediles - ANS-superintendents of public works, market commissioners, and police magistrates
Annalists - ANS-first Roman writers to reconstruct Rome's past
Annals - ANS-simple records or chronicles of events
Battle of Bagradas - ANS-1. Regulus vs. Spartan Xanthippus
2. created a distinct "Carthaginian formation"
3. Romans were defeated
4. 12000 Roman dead, 500 captured (including Regulus)
Battle of Ecnomus - ANS-1. direct Roman attack on Carthage in north Africa
2. each side had 350 vessels
3. one of the largest naval battles in ancient history
4. Roman victory (both sides lost 30 ships)
Battle of Mylae (1st Punic War) - ANS-1. first major naval battle
2. Romans moved against Carthaginians and unveiled the corvus
3. Rome's first victory at sea (Carthage lost 50 out of 130 ships and Rome lost 11 out of 100)
Battle of the Lipari Islands (1st Punic War) - ANS-1. first encounter between Roman and
Carthaginian fleets
2. Romans had 17 ships under control of Scipio Asana
3. Carthaginians close the harbor in behind the Romans with 20 ships
4. Romans surrendered
Branches of the Etruscan Monarchical Government - ANS-1. religious--> ensuring proper
sacrifices
2. military--> made treaties; declared war and peace (w/ Senate advise)
3. judicial--> the king was an arbitrator of family disputes
Censors - ANS-1. responsible for the census and had great prestige
2. elected to a five-year term and served for about 15 months
3. often reported on the private and public conduct of senators
4. could remove senators from office
, Children in Early Roman Society - ANS-1. worked to support their families in their families in
youth
2. pronatalism--> the more children the better
3. children in the ancient world grew up quick
4. marriage around 17 for girls and 20 for boys
Chronicle - ANS-a listing of events in the order they occurred
Cicero Life Span - ANS-106-43 BC
Corvus - ANS-a raised gangplank attached to the mast the was dropped onto the enemy deck
when rammed (the end of the plank had a spike that secured the plank to the enemy deck)
Cyclical View of History - ANS-anarchy--> monarchy--> aristocracy--> democracy
Dictator - ANS-1. temporary position appointed by consuls during emergency
2. limited to 6 months of service and then abdicated voluntarily
Economy in Early Roman Society - ANS-1. early Romans were not downtrodden illiterate serfs
2. had a free-market economy
3. Roman economy was grounded in the Mediterranean triad
Elderly in Early Roman Society - ANS-1. not very many elderly people, honored
2. young looked to them for experience and wisdom
3. often arranged the marriage and served in the Senate
Etruscan Exports - ANS-helmets, weapons, chariots, urns, mirrors, and statues
Etruscan Imports - ANS-raw materials and luxury goods
Etruscan Kings: Servius Tullius (575-525 BC) - ANS-1. married daughter of Tarquinius Priscus
2. popular, exapanded Roman territory
3. began Roman coinage
4. assassinated by his daughter and son-in-law
Etruscan Kings: Tarquinius Priscus - ANS-1. aka Tarquin the Elder (617-579 BC)
2. may have built the Circus Maximus
3. assassinated by one of his predecessors sons
Etruscan Kings: Tarquinius Superbus - ANS-1. aka Tarquin the Proud (535-509 BC)
2. the Rape of Lucretia by Tarquin's cousin ignited revolt against the Etruscans in Rome
Etruscan Religion - ANS-sacrifices and parties, but no doctrine; auspices watched birds (holy
and divine) for omens
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