Autonomic nervous system - answer• Involuntary
• A modulating system
- Blood pressure, heart rate, GI motility, Salivary secretions,
- Bronchial smooth muscle
• Relies on neurotransmitters
• Consists of PANS or SANS
Parasympathetic Autonomic Nervous System ( PANS) - answer• Components-Rises
from the III, VII, IX & X (vagus) cranial nerves also S 2 -5
• The preganglionic nerve is long and the post ganglionic nerve is short
• Its neurotransmitters are
- Preganglionic ACh & Nicotinic
- Postganglionic ACh & Muscarinic
REST AND DIGEST
Sympathetic Autonomic Nervous System (SANS) - answer• Rises From T2 & T4
• More diffuse effect
• The preganglionic nerve short and the post ganglionic nerve is long
• Its neurotransmitters are : - Preganglionic ACh & Nicotinic - postganglionic NE, Epi &
dopamine (adrenergic, catecholamines)
• FIGHT OR FLIGHT
Acetylcholine - answer- Preganglionic neurotransmitter PANS & SANS
- Postganglionic for PANS
- Cholinergic
Norepinephrine - answer- Post ganglionic for SANS
- Adrenergic
Epinephrine - answerReleased by adrenal medulla stress response
Dopamine - answer- reward-driven learning
- a variety of highly addictive drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine, act directly
on the dopamine system
- Extroverted people tend to show higher levels of dopamine activity
Serotonin - answercontributes to feelings of well-being and happiness
GABA - answerinhibits nerve transmission in the brain, calming nervous activity
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