NUR 219 - Patho Exam 1 Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NURS 219
Institution
NURS 219
Pharmacology study of drugs and interactions with living systems
Pharamacotherapeutics provide maximum benefits with minimum harm -medical use of drugs
Pharmacology clinical study of drugs on people
What is a drug? any chemical that can affect living process -all chemicals are drugs
What is an ...
NUR 219 - Patho Exam 1 Review
Questions and Correct Answers
Pharmacology ✅study of drugs and interactions with living systems
Pharamacotherapeutics ✅provide maximum benefits with minimum harm
-medical use of drugs
Pharmacology clinical ✅study of drugs on people
What is a drug? ✅any chemical that can affect living process
-all chemicals are drugs
What is an ideal drug? ✅1. Effective - does it work?
2. safety - cannot produce harmful effects
3. selectivity - does it work for the response in which it is given
4. predictability
5. Ease of administration
6. freedom from drug interactions
7. low cost
8. chemically stable
9. simple generic name
What might determine a drug response? ✅1. dose
2. route
3. timing
4. patient adherence
5. errors
6. body weight / composition
7. age
8. gender
9. pathophysiology
10. race
11. tolerance
12. genetics
13. variability in absorption
Pharamacodynamics ✅impact of drugs on body
3 types of drug names ✅1. chemical (complex)
2. Generic (only one, less complex)
3. trade (what it is marketed as)
, Reye's syndrome ✅caused by children taking ASA (aspirin) that causes brain and liver
damage
-it is most common in kids who have chicken pox or flu
What to know before you administer a drug? ✅1. right patient
2. right drug
3. right dose
4. right time
5. right route of administration
6. right documentation
7. patient has right to education
8. patient has right to refuse
Nurses Responsibility for Drugs ✅-understand basic mechanisms of Action (MOA)
-know in advance drug responses
-be last barrier against medication error
-provide education
pharmacokinetics ✅how drugs move through the body
Process of pharmacokinetics ✅1. absorption
2. distribution
3. metabolism
4. excretion
Tell me about Absorption ✅-drugs have to go across the cellular membrane
-have to be fat/lipid soluble to move across cell
describe how most drugs get absorbed? ✅-direct penetration of membrane
-passage of channel or pores (small compounds)
-must be lipid soluble
-most drugs lack transport mechanisms
Molecules that cannot penetrate cellular membrane ✅-polar : no net charge
-ionized : net charge is + or -
pH impact movement for drugs ✅-many drugs are weak acids or bases
-acids ionize in alkaline environment
-bases ionize in acidic environments
-pH gradient on 2 sides of membrane so acidic drugs will accumulate on alkaline side
and basic drugs will accumulate on acidic side
What do you have to do for basic and acidic drugs to get through the stomach? ✅-
basic drugs has to be coated so it can go through the stomach (acidic)
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