What is the move towards separating document structure, presentation, and webpage
interaction called? - ANSSeparation of concerns
What is a packet? - ANSInformation sent on the Internet
What does an IP address represent? - ANSA computer's unique address on the Internet
What is the format of a typical IP address? - ANS32 bits divided into four 8-bit groups
What is IPv4? - ANSThe original Internet Protocol with 32-bit addresses
What is IPv6? - ANSA new version of Internet Protocol with 128-bit addresses
What does DNS stand for? - ANSDomain Name Server
What are root servers? - ANSThirteen main DNS servers in the world
What is a domain name registrar? - ANSServices that allow domain name registration
What is a domain name? - ANSA name for an IP address
What does TLD stand for? - ANSTop-level Domains
Give examples of TLDs. - ANS.com, .net, .org, .edu, .gov
What does ccTLD stand for? - ANSCountry Code Top-Level Domain
Give examples of ccTLDs. - ANS.uk (United Kingdom), .us (United States), .ru (Russia)
What does SLD stand for? - ANSSecond-Level Domain
What is an example of an SLD? - ANS'wikipedia' in wikipedia.org
What does TLD stand for? - ANSThird-Level Domain
What is an example of a TLD? - ANS'www' in www.stanford.edu
What does URL stand for? - ANSUniform Resource Locator
What is a URL? - ANSThe location of a web resource, such as http://www.google.com
, What is a scheme in a URL? - ANSCharacters at the beginning of a URL followed by a colon (:)
or a colon and double slashes (://)
Give examples of common schemes. - ANShttp, https, mailto, file
What is a hostname in a URL? - ANSThe complete domain name following the scheme in a
URL
What is a path in a URL? - ANSThe characters to the right of the hostname in a URL
What is a query string in a URL? - ANSOptional characters to the right of the question mark (?)
in a URL that provide data for the web server
What is a fragment in a URL? - ANSOptional characters at the end of a URL that with a hash
character (#) and refer to a certain location within a webpage
What is a 404? - ANSThe status code that a web server returns to a browser when a requested
webpage is not found
What is linkrot? - ANSWhen content is removed from the web and the URLs that used to point
to the content now return a 404 (not found) status code
What does TCP/IP stand for? - ANSTransmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
What is TCP/IP? - ANSA protocol suite that governs how data packets are transferred over the
Internet from one machine to another
What is an HTTP request? - ANSA message sent from the web browser to the web server
What is an HTTP response? - ANSA message sent from the web server back to the web
browser in response to an HTTP request
What is Content-Length? - ANSNumber of bytes in the HTTP response's message body
What is Content-Type? - ANSMedia type of the HTTP response's message body
What is Date in an HTTP response? - ANSDatetime the HTTP response was generated by the
web server
What is Last-Modified in an HTTP response? - ANSDatetime the requested resource was last
modified on the web server
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