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2024 BIOL 1108 THE SONORAN DESERT EXAM 3 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 BIOL 1108 THE SONORAN DESERT EXAM 3 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 BIOL 1108 THE SONORANDESERT EXAM 3 WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Theoretical Niche Space - CORRECT ANSWERS-all the resources and
conditions in an ecosystem
Niche - CORRECT ANSWERS--the environmental conditions and resources
necessary for survival and reproduction
-Size differs depending on specialist or generalist
Specialist - CORRECT ANSWERS--Narrow niche
-Specialized requirements
-More at risk for extinction
-More biodiverse ecosystems will have more specialists
Generalist - CORRECT ANSWERS--Wide niche
-Can utilize lots of different resources
-Better equipped to live in environments with lots of variability
Realized Niche - CORRECT ANSWERS--The niche actually occupied by a
species
-Considers competition
-Will always be equal to or smaller than the fundamental niche
Fundamental Niche - CORRECT ANSWERS--The niche potentially occupied by
a species in the absence of competition
-Does not consider competition
-Will always be equal to or larger than the realized niche
Sonoran Desert - CORRECT ANSWERS-Located in the SW US and NW Mexico
Summer: Scarce precipitation and high temperatures make Summers
unsuitable for plant growth
Spring: too dry for plant growth
Winter: best season for plant growth (especially annuals), but precipitation is
very unpredictable
Sun will almost never be a limiting reactant
, Annuals - CORRECT ANSWERS-plants that germinate, grow, set seed and die
in a single growing season
Cellulose - CORRECT ANSWERS-molecule that makes up most of a plant's
biomass
-Carbon in cellulose comes from air
Van Helmont's Experiment - CORRECT ANSWERS--grew a 5lb willow tree in
200lb of dried dirt for 5 years. After 5 years, the tree weighed 169 lb but the
soil weighed the same amount
-Proves plants get C from the air
Roots - CORRECT ANSWERS--Plant organ that obtains water
-Plant allocates resources here when dry
-Where water enters plant
Leaves - CORRECT ANSWERS--Plant organ that creates/obtains carbon/sugar
And collects light
-More leaves, more growth potential and faster growth, but more
transpiration
-Where water exits plants through stomata
Stem - CORRECT ANSWERS-plant allocates resources here short term to
compete with surrounding plants
Xylem - CORRECT ANSWERS-vascular tissue of plants that carries ONLY
water through hollow/dead cells from roots to leaves (one direction) using
cohesion, adhesion, and negative pressure
Phloem - CORRECT ANSWERS-vascular tissue of plants that carries dissolved
nutrient, hormones, sugars, etc., around a plant in any direction using
osmosis
Stomata - CORRECT ANSWERS--gaps that open and close that allow gases to
enter and exit the leaves
-Primary function : gas exchange (constant exchange is ideal)
-Allow oxygen (and unfortunately water) to escape
-Allow CO2 to enter from the atmosphere
-Tradeoff: water loss for gas exchange
Guard Cells - CORRECT ANSWERS--cells that surround stomata
-Kidney-shaped
-Stomata Open - guard cells turgid, abundant water
-Stomata Closed - guard cells flaccid, scarce water
-Can also force stomata to open using hormones and ion flow
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