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APSC 151 terms/concepts | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions $13.48   Add to cart

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APSC 151 terms/concepts | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions

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APSC 151 terms/concepts | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions

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  • August 4, 2024
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  • APSC 151
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APSC 151 terms/concepts | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025
Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions

Triple Bottom Line - Where the environment, society, and economic perspectives are in balance



Physical Geology - Earths Materials: understand processes that operate on/beneath the surface



Historical Geology - Origin of Earth: development through time



Engineering Geology - Analysis of earth history and processes and the impact on human activities



Hydrosphere - Oceans, freshwater, glacial ice



Atmosphere - Thin layer producing weather, climate



Biosphere - Includes all living things on Earth



Geosphere - Includes rocks, land forms, Earth's Interior



Earth's System - The link of the 4 spheres



Catastrophism - Shaping of the Earth's landscape by catastrophes



Uniformitarianism - The present is key to the past: what is happening now on Earth happened in the
past



Nebular Hypothesis - bodies in the solar system evolved from solar nebula



Crust - Rigid solid made of silica minerals

,Mantle - Plastic solid: magnesium-iron minerals

upper boundary 700C

core boundary 4000C



Core - liquid outer

solid inner

iron-nickle metal



Body Waves - travel through earths interior



Surface waves - travel on earths surface



Earths interior - was determined through studying seismic waves



Rock Cycle - loop that changes one rock type to another



Igneous rock - formed from molten magma

the only rocks that can be dated



Weathering - creates sediments



Sedimentary Rock - Lithified sediments



Metamorphic Rock - produced from burial and heat



Relative Dating - events placed into proper sequence w/o knowing their age in years



Eon - greatest expanse of time

,Era - subdivision of eon



Period - subdivision of an era



Epochs - subdivision of periods



Cenozoic - recent life



Mesozoic - middle life



Paleozoic - ancient life



Radioactive decay - breakdown of an isotope



Radiometric dating - ages of rocks/minerals calculated based on the isotopes that they contain



half-life - time required for half the radioactive nuclei in a sample to decay



law of superposition - younger rock layers are deposited over older rocks



Principle of fossil succession - fossil organisms have a determinable order



principle of original horizontality - layers of sediment are originally horizontal



principle of cross-cutting relations - younger features cut across older features ex) dyke cutting across
layers



unconformities - a break or gap in rock record caused by erosion/nondeposition

, index fossils - fossils that are have a widespread geographic range and were only around for a short
period of geologic time

ex) trilobite



Continents - prominent features are linear mountain belts (shields)



Ocean basins - ridge system, deep-ocean trenches



continental drift - continents move around on the face of the planet



plate tectonics - how continents move



supercontinents - all of the landmass on earth in one continent

ex) pangea (250M years ago)



Evidence of continental drift - -fit of continents

-ancient ice ages match over the globe

-fossils

-paleomagnetics



geomagnetic reversals - earths magnetic field reverses polarity, this is preserved in cooling lava



Lithosphere - uppermost mantle and overlying crust



Evidence of Plate tectonics - rock type/structural similarities

ex) cape breton and scottish coast (result from iapetus suture)



Measuring Plate motion - -hot spots

-time b/w oldest and youngest volcanic structures (average rate of motion)

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