trend of electronegativity - increases left to right, increases bottom to top
trend of atomic radius - decreases left to right, decreases bottom to top
periodic table rows - increasing atomic number
periodic table columns - similar valence, electron structure, and physical/chemical properties
electropositive elements - metals that release valence electrons
electronegative elements - non-metals gaining valence electrons
electron mass and charge - Mass: 9.11e-31
Charge: -1.60e-19
proton mass and charge - Mass: 1.672e-27
Charge: +1.60e-19
neutron mass and charge - Mass: 1.674e-27
Charge: 0
bohr atomic model - Atoms have levels surrounding the nucleus where electrons are found. Levels can
hold different amounts of electrons depending on their distance from the nucleus
wave mechanical model Schrodinger - electrons considered to have both wavelike and particle-like
characteristics
, Pauli Exclusion Principle - each electron state can hold no more than 2 electrons which must have
opposite spins
Isotopes - Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
electron configuration - the manner in which possible electron states are filled with electrons
valence electrons - electrons in the outermost shell bonding with other atoms
solubility limit - max concentration of solute that may be added without creating a new phase
Polymorphism - the phenomenon of a solid material existing in more than one form of crystal structure.
for elements its called allotropy
Equilibrium - a state of a system corresponding to minimum free energy where phase characteristics
remain constant
FCC A Rvs R, number of atoms, coordination number, apf - A vs R: a= 2sqrt(2) *R
Number of atoms: 4
coordination number: 12
APF: 0.74
BCC A vs R, number of atoms, coordination number, apf - A vs R: a= R*4/sqrt(3)
Number of atoms: 2
coordination number: 8
APF: 0.68
HCP A vs R, number of atoms, coordination number, apf - A vs R: a= 2R
Number of atoms: 6
coordination number: 12
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