Macm 316 final exam test
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What are the 'Gulfs of Execution and Evaluation' in user interface
design?
The 'Gulfs of Execution and Evaluation' refer to two gaps in user
interface design:
The Gulf of Execution: The difference between the user's intentions and
what the system allows them to do.
The Gulf of Evaluation: How well the system supports the user's actions
and provides feedback. Bridging these gulfs is key to creating effective
and user-friendly interfaces.
What are the fundamental principles of interaction in design?
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The fundamental principles of interaction in design include:
Understanding the relationship between objects and their affordance.
The use of signifiers to communicate where actions should take place.
Mapping the relationship between control elements and their effects.
These principles guide the design of interfaces that are intuitive and
meet user needs.
Bisection Method✔✔✔✔✔ANS➖approximates the real zeros of a
continuous function
convergence✔✔✔✔✔ANS➖when we take n large to a number L,
otherwise it diverges.
|xk+1 - x*| <= alpha |xk - x*|^p,
if p increases, it converges faster; if the alpha(a) is smaller, it converges
faster.
Stopping Criteria for iterative algorithms✔✔✔✔✔ANS➖it repeats
approximation closer to closer until the stopping criteria is fulfilled
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absolute error in convergence✔✔✔✔✔ANS➖Ek+1 <= alpha *Ek^p
bisection convergence✔✔✔✔✔ANS➖|xk+1 - x*| <= 1/2 | xk - x*|,
which fits the definition of |xk+1-x*| <= a|xk-x*|^p, where A = 1/2 and
p=1 in the first order
bisection iteration estimation (finding n)✔✔✔✔✔ANS➖( b - a ) / 2k
<= epsilon, we need to round up.
Fixed Point Iteration✔✔✔✔✔ANS➖Fixed-point iteration is a
numerical method used to find an approximate solution to equations of
the form x=g(x). The method involves iterating a function g(x) to
converge to a fixed point, where the function value does not change
upon further application of the function.
What is User-Centered Design in the context of UI/UX?
User-Centered Design (UCD) is a design philosophy and process in
which the needs, preferences, and limitations of the end-users of a
product, service, or process are given extensive attention at each stage of
the design process. UCD is characterized by involving users throughout
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the development process to create highly usable and accessible products
for them.
What are the differences between Low, Medium, and High Fidelity
Prototypes?
Low Fidelity Prototypes (LFPs) are basic and often paper-based,
focusing on concepts rather than details. Medium Fidelity Prototypes
(MFPs) provide a more detailed, interactive experience, often using tools
like wireframes. High Fidelity Prototypes (HFPs) are the most detailed
and closely resemble the final product, including functionality and
design elements.
What is the Wizard of Oz technique in prototyping, and how does it
differ from horizontal and vertical prototypes?
The Wizard of Oz technique involves creating a prototype that appears
to be fully functional but is actually being controlled by a person (the
"wizard") behind the scenes. This is different from horizontal
prototypes, which provide a broad but shallow view of the entire system,
and vertical prototypes, which provide a deep, detailed view of a specific
part of the system.
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