Components of Culture - Language, dress, religion, symbols, ethics, economic systems,
arts, tech & social media
four primary barriers to cross cultural communication - Language, Ignorance of cultural
norms, prejudice and stereotyping, ethnocentrism
Ethnocentrism - Belief in the superiority of one's nation or ethnic group.
explicit bias - attitudes or beliefs that one endorses at a conscious level
implicit bias - attitudes or stereotypes that UNCONIOUSLY affect perceptions,
decisions, and actions
Standard for Use of Force in courts - Graham v Connor
What does 4th amendment protect against? - unreasonable searches and seizures
What does "S.I.R.F." stand for? - Severity, Immediacy, Resisting, Flight/fleeing
What are some factors under Totality of Circumstances? - Size, age, and physical
condition
medical history
availability of weapons
ratio of officers to suspects
Courts measure use of force through eyes of....? - Objectively reasonable LE officer
Seven reasons LE officers hesitate? - Resistance to killing, personal beliefs, legal
misunderstanding, duty to retreat myth, agency policies, social expectations, media
persecution
Green Card - I-551 issued for 10 years to immigrants
Employment Authorization Card (pink) - I-766 issued to non-immigrants to work
Most commonly altered parts of ID docs? - Photo, expiration date, DOB
Tools and items associated with counterfeiting: - printer, scanner, copier, cutting device,
laminator
Photo substitution - when a photo has been placed over the original photo
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