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NCMA 219 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS $9.99   Add to cart

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NCMA 219 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

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  • NCMA 219

High risk newborn a newborn regardless of gestational age or birth, who has a greater than average chance of morbidity or mortality, usually because of conditions beyond the normal events related to birth and the adjustment to extrauterine life. Basic nursing actions in high-risk newborns 1. Detec...

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  • August 4, 2024
  • 18
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NCMA 219
  • NCMA 219
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NCMA 219 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
High risk newborn ✅a newborn regardless of gestational age or birth, who has a
greater than average chance of morbidity or mortality, usually because of conditions
beyond the normal events related to birth and the adjustment to extrauterine life.

Basic nursing actions in high-risk newborns ✅1. Detect early
2. Keep newborn warm
3. Provide immediate supportive care
4. Report/refer promptly

Always keep newborn dry ✅-to prevent hypothermia
-if the baby experience hypothermia, he/she needs energy to burn to be able to produce
body heat

Glycogen ✅is the stored form of energy not glucagon

Glucagon ✅the hormone produced by the liver that converts glycogen into glucose

Danger signs of newborn distress ✅12 danger signs

Difficult respirations or tachypnea ✅-normal: 30-60
-do not feed the baby because at risk of aspiration, the ability of the newborn baby to
coordinate respiration and swallowing

Lethargy, failure to suck ✅-sleepy, poor ability to suck
-you are not going to feed the baby

Cyanosis ✅-lack of oxygen in the hemoglobin

Excessive mucus/drooling ✅-tracheo esophageal fistula: there is abnormal connection
between 2 organs, esophagus and trachea
-do not feed the baby

Sac or dimpling at the lower back ✅-neural tube effect (spina bifida)
-lumbosacral area
-the spinal cord dislocates from its normal place, which will affect the lower portion of
the body of the baby

Absent or sluggish moro reflex ✅-moro:startled (nagulat)
-neurological impairment (brain damage)

,Twitch seizures or tremors ✅

Biled stain vomitus ✅-vomit with bile
-below common bile duct
-aganglionic mega colon (hirschsprung disease)- absence of ganglion cells
-ganglion cells: stimulates peristalsis
-

Jaundice ✅sclera white
Icteric yellow
Blood incompatilbility

Meconium staining of skins and nails ✅with fetal distress

No passage of meconium in 1-2 days ✅-checking the rectal temp at the ninth is not the
best way
-imperforate anus: walang butas, to check this, the best way is to passageway of stool
in 1st 24 hrs
-assessment: palpate, check for tenderness
-sign: irritability, so much cry

High pitched shrill cry, bulging anterior fontanelle ✅-increase intracranial pressure
-head injury or hydrocephalus

Low birth weight (lbw) ✅< 2,500 g (5.5lbs)

Very low birth weight (vlbw) ✅500-1000g (2.2lbs)

Appropriate for gestational age (aga) ✅-weight is between the 10th and 90th percentile
-2,500g (5.5 lbs or 2.5kg) and 4000g (about 8.75 lbs or 4kg)

Small for date (sfd) or small for gestational age (sga) ✅-below the 10th percentile
-<2,500g

Intrauterine growth restriction (iugr) ✅-commonly seen on sga
-they fail to grow at the expected rate in the utero
-bumagal growth habang nasa loob

Large for gestational age (lga) ✅-weight is above 90th percentile
-4kg>

According to gestational age
-preterm ✅-born before completion of the 37 weeks gestation

, Full-term ✅-between the beginning of 38 weeks of gestation and the completion of 42
weeks

Post term ✅born after 42 weeks

Late preterm ✅-born between 34 weeks and 36 weeks of gestation

According to mortality
-live birth ✅-the neonate manifests any heartbeat, breaths, displace voluntary
movement regardless of their gestational

Fetal death ✅-death of the fetus after they have reached their 20 weeks of gestational
and before they delivered

Neonatal death ✅-occurs during the first 27 days of life
*early neonatal death- during the first week
*late neonatal death- between 7th to 27th days

Perinatal mortality ✅total number of fetal and early neonatal deaths per 1000 live
births

Postnatal death ✅-occurs at 28 days to 1 year after birth

High risk conditions (head injuries) ✅-biggest part and most common presenting part
-head is one of the most common anatomical parts that is injured at birth

1. Caput succedaneum ✅-edema of the scalp
-cone head like
-cause: pushing when the cervix is not yet fully dilated
-characteristics: bilateral, self resolving in 3-5 days
-cs- crosses suture line

2. Cephal hematoma ✅-presence of blood clot between the periosteum and the frontal
bones of the skull
-cause: pressure from bony pelvis or blades of forceps
-characteristics: unilateral, self resolving in 1-2 weeks
- doesn't cross the suture line

3. Intracranial hemorrhage ✅-forceps delivery (masyadong madiin), percipitate labor,
premature birth
Sign:
-high-pitched drill
- tense, bulging anterior fontanel (it will close 12-18 months and posterior fontanel 2-3
months) increase bp, headache

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