What are the two ways drugs are organized? - therapeutic and pharmacologic
classifications
What is the therapeutic classification of drugs? - based on therapeutic usefulness in
treating particular diseases or disorders
What are some examples of therapeutic classifications of drugs? - - antidepressants
- antipsychotics
- antineoplastics
What is the pharmacologic classification of drugs? - - based on the way a drug works at
the molecular, tissue, or body system level
- addresses a drug's mechanism of action
- how a drug produces its physiological effect in the body
- requires understanding of biochemistry and physiology
- may be described with varying degrees of complexity
What is bioavailability? - the physiologic ability of the drug to reach target cell and
produce effect
What is the path of a drug from intake to excretion? - - drug enters gut
- is absorbed through the gut wall
- reaches the liver through the hepatic portal vein
- is metabolized in the liver
- travels via the hepatic vein on the tissues
What is the United States Pharmacopeia - National Formulary (USP-NF)? - - a resource
of standards
- database of med errors
What should all nurses do when administering medications? - - monitor for therapeutic
effects and adverse reactions from the drugs
- be responsible for reporting adverse reactions
What are controlled substances? - - drugs that are restricted by the controlled
substances act of 1970 and later revisions
- are frequently abused
- have a high potential for addiction or dependence
- have restricted use
, - are placed into one of five schedules
What does the Controlled Substance Act of 1970 do? - - restricts use of drugs with
potential for abuse
- restricted drugs placed into the five schedules
- hospitals and pharmacies must maintain complete records of scheduled drugs
Who regulates the Controlled Substance Act? - Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
What are scheduled drugs? - drugs that have a significant potential for abuse are
placed into five categories called schedules
Which schedule of drugs have the highest abuse potential? - schedule I
Which schedule of drugs have the lowest abuse potential? - schedule V
What are examples of schedule I drugs? - - heroin
- lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
- methaqualone
What are examples of schedule V drugs? - - tobacco
- alcohol
- caffeine
Schedule II Drugs - - high abuse potential
- high potential for physical and psychological dependence
- therapeutic use with prescription
- some drugs no longer used
- need special order form to obtain
- orders must be written by health care provider
- orders must be signed by health care provider
- telephone orders to pharmacies are not permitted
- no refills are permitted; client must see health care provider first
Schedule III Drugs - - moderate abuse potential
- moderate physical dependence
- high potential for psychological dependence
- therapeutic use with prescription
- some drugs no longer used
What are some examples of schedule III drugs? - - anabolic steroids
- buprenorphine products
- ketamine
- benzphetamine
Schedule IV Drugs - - lower abuse potential
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