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A&P II FINAL EXAM STUDY

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A&P II FINAL EXAM STUDY

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  • August 4, 2024
  • 23
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • A&P II
  • A&P II
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GEEKA
A&P II FINAL EXAM STUDY
Virtually all of the protein or amino acid-based hormones exert their effects through
intracellular __________.

a. ions
b. deactivators
c. second messengers
d. nucleotides - answer- c. second messengers

Chemical Substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids that regulate the
metabolic function of other cells in the body are called ___________.

a. proteins
b. antibodies
c. hormones
d. enzymes - answer- c. hormones

The master gland of the endocrine system is the_________.

a. endocrine
b. pituitary
c. adrenal
d. thyroid - answer- b. pituitary

What organ in the body regulates erythropoeisis?

a. brain
b. kidney
c. pancreas
d. liver - answer- b. kidney

Which of the following is not a phase of hemostasis?

a. vascular spasm
b. fibrinolysis
c. coagulation
d. platelet plug formation - answer- b. fibrinolysis

The first phase of erythrocyte production is

a. hemoglobin synthesis
b. ejection of the nucleus
c. ribosome synthesis
d. reticulocyte formation - answer- c. ribosome synthesis

,All blood cells develop from

a. hemocytoblasts
b. ejection of the nucleus
c. myeloid stem cells
d. lymphoid stem cells - answer- a. hemocytoblasts

Which of the following cells could develop from a lymphoid stem cell?

a. lymphocyte
b. erythrocyte
c. monocyte
d. any blood cell - answer- a. lymphocyte

The life span of a red blood cell is about

a. 4 days
b. 4 weeks
c. 4 months
d. 4 years - answer- c. 4 months

After hemoglobin is broken down, what part of it enters the liver and becomes bile,
which helps us digest food?

a. globin
b. bilirubin
c. heme
d. ferritin - answer- b. bilirubin

Which of the following structural characteristics contribute to the function of red blood
cells

a. bi-concave shape
b. they contain mostly hemoglobin
c. spectrin in their plasma membrane
d. all of the above - answer- d. all of the above

If the vagal nerves to the heart were cut, the result would be that ________.

a. the AV node would become the pacemaker of the heart
b. the heart rate would increase
c. parasympathetic stimulation would increase, causing a decrease in heart rate
d. the heart would stop, since the vagal nerves trigger the heart to contract - answer- b.
the heart rate would increase

the critical factor controlling stroke volume is

, a. preload
b. afterload
c. contractility
d. sympathetic stimulation - answer- a. preload

Isovolumetric contraction ________.

a. occurs only in people with heart valve defects
b. occurs while the AV valves are open
c. occurs immediately after the aortic and pulmonary valves close
d. refers to the short period during ventricular systole when the ventricles are completely
closed chambers - answer- d. refers to the short period during ventricular systole when
the ventricles are completely closed chambers

The most important factor in the regulation of the heart rate is

a. acidosis
b. autonomic nervous system stimulation
c. stroke volume
d. extracellular calcium levels - answer- b. autonomic nervous system stimulation

Which of the following is not a difference between skeletal and cardiac muscle?

a. cardiac muscle has a longer refractory period
b. cardiac muscle exhibits automaticity
c. cardiac muscle has striations
d. cardiac muscle has gap junctions - answer- c. cardiac muscle has striations

Cardiac muscle cells use _____ ions for the plateau phase of the action potential.

a. calcium
b. potassium
c. sodium
d. chloride - answer- a. calcium

Pressure in the ventricles is greatest when

a. they are filling
b. they are relaxed
c. they are in diastole
d. they are in systole - answer- d. they are in systole

During ventricular systole, AV valves close because

a. atrial pressure decreases

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