Dextrocardia is a condition characterized by which of
the following?
a. The right side of the heart is enlarged.
b. The heart is positioned to the right of the stomach.
c. The heart is positioned to the right, either rotated or displaced.
d. Blood glucose level in the heart is higher than in other organs. - C
While auscultating the heart of an obese patient, the examiner should expect the heart
sounds to be
a. louder and closer.
b. softer and more distant.
c. louder and more distant.
d. softer and closer. - B
The examiner is unable to palpate a patient's apical pulse. In addition, the heart sounds
are very faint to
auscultation. What condition should be considered?
a. Pleural or pericardial fluid
b. Congestive heart failure
c. Mitral valve regurgitation
d. ASD - a
What disease process should the examiner consider if a patient reports a several-week
history of fever and
shows clinical symptoms of congestive heart failure?
a. Bacterial endocarditis
b. Infarction
c. Myocarditis
d. Cardiac tamponade - a
Which of the following occurs in the body to accommodate the increased maternal blood
volume in a
pregnant woman?
a. The heart rate drops to deal with greater cardiac output.
b. The plasma volume decreases to allow for more erythrocytes.
c. The heart is shifted in position toward a more horizontal
orientation. - c
The examiner suspects that a patient has pulmonary hypertension. What examination
findings are consistent
with this?
a. Decreased intensity of S1 heart sounds; increased intensity of S2 heart sounds
, b. A thrill palpated in the area of apex
c. Paradoxic splitting of S1 and S2 heart sounds
d. Pericardial friction rub - a
In most adults, the apical impulse should be visible at the
a. midaxillary line in the fifth right intercostal space.
b. sternal notch.
c. midclavicular line in the fifth left intercostal space.
d. costovertebral angle. - c
While palpating the precordium, a heave is identified, with lateral displacement of the
apical pulse.
Such a finding may indicate
a. mitral regurgitation.
b. aortic stenosis.
c. left ventricular enlargement.
d. pericarditis - c
A thrill generally indicates which of the following?
a. A disturbance in the electrical conductivity of the heart
b. A disruption of blood flow related to a defect of closure in the semilunar valves
c. The presence of significant infection of the myocardium
d. Pulmonary hypotension - b
Because percussion has a limited value in determining heart size, left ventricular size is
more accurately
determined by
a. auscultating the heart sounds.
b. locating the apical pulse or PMI.
c. palpating the left sternal border.
d. palpating the heart base. - b
Which of the following may be easily mistaken for cardiac-generated sounds?
a. Bowel sounds
b. Pulmonary insufficiency
c. Pericardial friction rub
d. Tracheal shifting - c
Cardiac tamponade is
a. sudden in onset and requires immediate intervention.
b. easily detected by auscultation.
c. the result of excessive accumulation of fluid between the pericardium and the
myocardium.
d. characterized by excessive cardiac relaxation, increased blood pressure, and
bounding pulse. - c
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