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CBIS EXAM STUDY GUIDE
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CBIS EXAM STUDY GUIDE
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CBIS EXAM STUDY GUIDEAcute Brain Injury - answer- An injury to the brain that is not hereditary, congenital,
degenerative, or induced by birth trauma
Traumatic Brain Injury - answer- An alteration in brain function, or other evidence of
brain pathology, caused by an external force
2 Mechanisms
*trauma impact
* traumatic inertial forces
Non-traumatic brain injury - answer- Lack of O2, decreased nutrients to cells, exposure
to toxins, pressure from tumor or blockage or other neuro disorder
ABI Prevalence - answer- 2nd most prevalent disability in U. S.
* 13.5 million Americans
Children & TBI - answer- * non-accidental trauma cause of 80% of deaths in children
under 2yo
* 2/3 of children under 3yo that are abused have TBIs
*falls cause 1/2 of TBI in 0-14yo
domestic violence - answer- 67% of women in domestic violence had TBI symptoms
Mild TBI - answer- *concussion
*LOC > 30 min
*loss of memory >24hrs
*CGS 13-15
*normal CT or MRI
*any AMS at time of incident
Moderate TBI - answer- *LOC up to 24hrs
*neuro signs of brain trauma
* CGS 9-12
*may have focal findings on CT
Severe TBI - answer- *LOC <24hrs
*GCS 3-8
Dementia - answer- Must be coupled with a functional limitation in everyday life due to
the cognitive change
PPCS - answer- Always includes neuropsychological assessment, psychiatric history,
psychological response to previous injuries, available support system, and current
coping skills
,Disorders of consciousness - answer- Coma, vegetative, persistent vegetative,
minimally conscious
MTBI represents - answer- 75% of all TBIs in the US
MTBI symptoms resolve... - answer- Most symptoms resolve in 2-4 weeks
CTE - answer- A rare progressive degenerative condition of the central nervous system.
Diffuse axonal injury causes release of tau proteins.
Blood Brain Barrier - answer- At the vascular level harmful substances cannot pass
through the membrane to harm the brain and it has its own glial cells that serve as its
own immune defense and garbage disposal
Aspiration - answer- Food, liquid, or vomit inhaled into thw lungs can result in
pneumonia or other respiratory infections
Pressure Sores - answer- Caused by inadequate pressure relief, prolonged positioning
on one's side or buttocks, shearing of skin, casts, infections, incontinence, and poor
nutrition
Sleep Disturbances - answer- 30-70% of individuals with TBI report issues and
Persistent sleep difficulties may worsen over time after injury.
COLDER - answer- Character
Onset
Location
Duration and Frequency
Exacerbation
Relief
Fatique - answer- Everyone experiences; subjective; multiplw tests make it difficult to
measure
Reliability - answer- A reliable measure is one that measures consistently when applied
to different individuals at different times
Domains of cognitive functioning hierarchy - answer- Attention
Categorization
Memory
Processing speed
Executive functions
Metacognition
, Problems with metacognition affect - answer- Your ability to self-monitor and use
thoughts to change or improve thinking and behavior
coma-emergent - answer- Do not use consequence based programming; medication,
controlling the environment, providing structure, educate family
Intermittent reinforcement - answer- A particular response sometimes produces
reinforcer; examples hourly pay and slot machines
Substance use disorder SUD - answer- 10% population diagnosed
Substance misuse addressed by screening and brief interventions in acute or primary
care settings - answer- Low severity TBI and low severity SUD
Power of attorney - answer- A document in which a competent person appoints another
person to act for them; Broad or limited powers; may be durable; may be revoked by a
guardian; medical or financial;
Moral model/Religious Model - answer- Disability is a sin, evil, or character flaw
Functional Model - answer- Most individualized and personal model; basis for current
person-centered care
Person centered care maintains - answer- People can be trusted to lead their own lives;
treatment provider's attitude is major factor in outcome; people have capacity for self-
determination; and intervention is most effective when requested
Assistive technology for cognition - answer- Low-tech (calendars and post-its) high
tech(smart phones and tablets) and complex specialized systems
Individuals with disabilities education act - answer- Federal mandate requiring public
schools to provide appropriate education through special ed supports and services
Most brain maturation occurs... - answer- Birth-5 years old
IEP transition plan - answer- To address life after high school; post secondary
education; vocational training; employment; adult services; living arrangements;
community participation
Family reports of post-injury changes to include - answer- Changes in mood and
emotional health; unequal sharing of household responibilities and lack of resources to
combat BI related complications
Parents of individuals with BI report... - answer- Significantly higher rates of stress
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