NDSU NURS 251 Exam 2 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
Nurs 251
Institution
Nurs 251
Effects of exercise on Cardiovascular system Incr. Cardiac output, improves myocardial contraction, improves venous return, & decr. resting heart rate
Effects of exercise on Pulmonary System Improves alveolar ventilation, decr. work of breathing
Effects of exercise on Metabolic System Incr. basal...
NDSU NURS 251 Exam 2 Practice
Questions and Correct Answers
Effects of exercise on Cardiovascular system ✅Incr. Cardiac output, improves
myocardial contraction, improves venous return, & decr. resting heart rate
Effects of exercise on Pulmonary System ✅Improves alveolar ventilation, decr. work of
breathing
Effects of exercise on Metabolic System ✅Incr. basal metabolic rate, Incr. gastric
motility, Incr. use of glucose
Effects of exercise on Musculoskeletal System ✅Improved muscle tone, joint mobility,
tolerance to physical exercise, incr muscle mass & reduce bone loss
Effects of exercise on Activity Tolerance ✅Improves tolerance & decr. fatigue
Effects of exercise on Pyschosocial ✅Improves tolerance to stress, decr. illness.
Assessment of activity and exercise ✅•Body alignment and posture with the patient
standing, sitting, or lying down
•Normal physiological changes
•Deviations related to poor posture, trauma, muscle damage, or nerve dysfunction
•Patients' learning needs
•Mobility
•Activity Tolerance
Interventions for Metabolic changes ✅•Promote a high Protein and high Calorie diet
•Encourage Vitamin B & C intake
--Vitamin C promotes wound healing
--Vitamin B assists in energy metabolism
Effects of immobility: Respiratory changes ASSESSMENT ✅Inspect chest wall:
, •Atelectasis presents as asymmetrical chest movement
Assess resting respiratory rate
Auscultate lung sounds:
•Identify adventicsous lung sounds
•Dependent lung fields will fill with mucous/secretions
Respiratory Changes: Interventions ✅•Encourage cough & deep breathing every 2
hours
•Chest Physiotherapy (CPT)
-percussion
-positioning
•Encourage adequate fluid intake
Effects of immobility: Cardiovascular changes ✅Orthostatic hypotension:
•Increase in HR more than 15% AND a drop of 15 mm Hg or more of SBP, or 10 mmHg
or more of DBP w/activity
Increased cardiac workload
Thrombus formation (DVT):
•***Virchows Triad: Venous stasis, activation of clotting & vessel injury
•
Cardiovascular Changes: Assessment ✅•Blood pressure
-Assess orthostatic hypotension
•Evaluate apical & peripheral pulses
-Assess if pulses are bounding, weak, or thready
•Observe for signs of venous stasis
-Edema in dependent areas
-Measure circumference of lower legs bilaterally
Cardiovascular Changes: Interventions ✅Reduce orthostatic hypotension
•encourage activity as early as possible
•Get patient up slowly
Reduce cardiac workload
•Avoid Valsalva maneuver
•Pt should exhale when moving in bed
Prevent Thrombus formation
•Prophylactic medications such as heparin
•Change pt position frequently
•Elastic stockings stockings
•Sequential compression device
•monitor pressure areas & avoid crossing legs
Effects of Immobility: Musculoskeletal Changes ✅Muscle Effects
•Loss of muscle mass
•Weakness/Atrophy of muscle
Skeletal effects
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