Bio 669 Quiz 4 Study Questions with Correct Answers 100% Verified and Graded A+
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Course
Bio 669
Institution
Bio 669
Bio 669 Quiz 4 Study Questions with Correct Answers 100% Verified and Graded A+
varicose veins - Correct Answer vein in which blood has pooled producing distended, tortous, palpable vesseks
-caused by trauma or gradual vein distention
risk factors-female, family hx, fat, pregnant, DVT, prior leg...
Bio 669 Quiz 4 Study Questions with Correct Answers
100% Verified and Graded A+
varicose veins - Correct Answer vein in which blood has pooled producing distended,
tortous, palpable vesseks
-caused by trauma or gradual vein distention
risk factors-female, family hx, fat, pregnant, DVT, prior leg injury
chronic venous insufficiency - Correct Answer inadequate venous return over a long
period due to varicose veins or valvular incompetence
-can lead to venous stasis ulcer
thrombus formation - Correct Answer obstruction of venous flow leading to increased
venous pressure
-3 factors (triad of virchow) promote thrombosis=
1)venous stasis 2)venous endothelial damage
3)hypercoaguable states
-usually occurs in lower extremities & is asymptomatic
superior vena cava syndrome - Correct Answer progressive occlusion of SVC that leads
to venous distention in upper extremities & head
-causes=tumors of lymphatics or bronchus
-a low pressure vessel
HTN - Correct Answer consistent elevation of systemic arterial BP
-systolic >140
-diastolic > 90
primary HTN - Correct Answer most common, aka essential or idiopathic
-genetic & environmental factors
-SNS causes increased HR & vasoconstriction which increase BP
-overactive RAAS causes Na & water retention, increased vascular resistance, insulin
resistance & platelet aggregation
-decreased renal excretion of salt=pressure-natriuresis relationship
secondary HTN - Correct Answer caused my systemic disease process that raises
peripheral vascular resistance or cardiac output
examples=renal disease, adrenocorticoid tumors, adrenamedullary tumors, or drugs
complicated HTN - Correct Answer chronic damage to blood vessels & tissues leading
to target organ damage in heart, kidneys, brain, & eyes
malignant HTN - Correct Answer HTN crisis
-rapidly progressing HTN when diastolic is >140
-will cause cerebral encephalopathy & life threatening organ damage if not fixed
, tx of HTN - Correct Answer loop or thiazide diuretics, ACE or ARB inhibitors, Ca
channel blockers
-no longer beta blockers b/c they have a higher rate of stroke than those drugs
orthostatic hypotension - Correct Answer decrease in systolic & distolic BP among
standing up
-lack normal BP compensation in response to gravitational changes on the circulation
chronic-causes=DM, endocrine d/o, metabolic d/o, CNS or PNS d/o, cerebral infarcts,
parkinsons, autonomic neuropathy=most common cause
aneurysm - Correct Answer localized dilation or outpouching of a vessel wall or cardiac
chamber
-can be thoracic or abdominal or can occur in cerebral circle of willis
-most common=abdominal
causes=atherosclerosis or HTN
-can lead to aortic dissection or rupture
true aneurysm - Correct Answer involves all 3 layers of wall
-weakening of vessel wall
-can be fisuform or circumferential (circular) or saccular (spherical)
false aneurysm - Correct Answer extravascular hematoma (outside of vessel) that
penetrates & communicated w/intravascular space
thrombus formation - Correct Answer blood clot that remains attached to the vessel wall
-risk factors=injury/inflammation, obstruction of flow, stasis/pooling
can have arterial or venous thrombus
embolism - Correct Answer obstruction of blood flow by a blous of matter circulating in
the bloodstream
-can be dislodged thrombus, air bubble, fat embolism, bacteria, CA cell, or foreign
substance
thromboangitis obliterans (buergers disease) - Correct Answer inflammatory disease of
peripheral arteries
-strongly associated w/smoking
-formation of thrombi filled w/immune & inflammatory cells
-overtime thrombi become organized & fibrotic leading to permanent occlusion &
obliteration of portions of small & medium sized arteries of feet & hands
-autoimmune d/o
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