Summary notes for Alevel Edexcel psychology- learning approach. Notes consist of A01, A02, A03 and Ao3CA points. Description of point, evidence for point, evaluation and evaluation of the counterargument. Summary points include required studies and led to me achieving an A in Alevel Psychology.
...
o NS- [stimulus with no response] UCS- [NS turns into UCS producing a UCR] UCR, CS
[unnatural/neutral trigger] , CR
o Stimulus generalisation -stimulus similar to conditioned stimulus will cause a conditioned
response
o Stimulus discrimination – response will occur only to specific conditioned stimulus
o Extinction –when the conditioned stimulus returns to being a neutral stimulus
o Spontaneous recovery- when the conditioned response reappears
o Learned helplessness- conditioned to respond to association even without stimulus
o Aversion therapy- force unpleasant associations to change behaviour
o First order conditioning- [bell=food]
o Second order conditioning- [bell+buzzer =food, just buzzer=response]
o Backwards conditioning- ucs[food] presented before cs[bell]
o Forwards conditioning- cs/ns[bell] presented before ucs[food]
o Spontaneous conditioning- cs [bell] and ucs [food] presented at same time
A03
o Little Albert study- associated loud noise with rat causing a conditioned response of fear to
rats
o Pavlov’s dogs 1927- association between food and bell can cause conditioned response of
salivating in response to bell- interrater reliability [repeated with different dogs and ns]
o High scientific credibility [standardised]
A03CA
o Munjack 1984- ½ people with driving fear had previous experience yet not all accidents
result in fears
o Generalising dog => human
o Low ecological conditions [little albert + pavlovs dogs]
Operant conditioning- learning by consequence
A01
o Contingency- reward must be linked to behaviour
o Contiguity- consequence must occur straight after behaviour
o Positive reinforcement- repeat behaviour to get desirable consequences
o Negative reinforcement- take away negative consequence by changing behaviour
o Positive punishment- e.g hitting dog to prevent behaviour
o Negative punishment- remove something they want to change behaviour e.g ignoring dog
when it barks
o Avoidance learning- avoid situation
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ameliapearce. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.59. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
