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Biology 104 Exam 2 Questions and Answers

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  • Biology 104
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  • Biology 104

Biology 104 Exam 2 Questions and Answers

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  • August 5, 2024
  • 6
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Biology 104
  • Biology 104
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millyphilip
Biology 104: Exam 2 Questions and
Answers
What is the name given to the specific location of a gene on a chromosome? (Ch. 9) -
Answer -Locus

If adenine makes up 20% of the bases in a DNA helix, what percent of the bases are
guanine? (Ch. 10) - Answer -30%

What is the genotype of an individual who is heterozygous for dimples? (Ch. 9) -
Answer -Dd

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a(n) ____. (Ch. 10) - Answer -
mutation

An individual who is heterozygous for cystic fibrosis, a recessive disorder,
is_____________. (Ch. 9) - Answer -a carrier of cystic fibrosis

Gregor Mendel was a monk known for his work on inheritance using what organism?
(Ch. 9) - Answer -garden peas

DNA and RNA are polymers composed of ______ monomers. (Ch. 10) - Answer -
nucleotide

Which enzyme is responsible for RNA synthesis? (Ch. 10) - Answer -RNA polymerase

What is the process by which genotype becomes expressed as a phenotype? (Ch. 11) -
Answer -gene expression

Genetically identical organisms are called _______. (Ch. 11) - Answer -clones

What is recombinant DNA? (Ch. 12) - Answer -DNA that carries genes from different
organisms

Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments primarily on the basis of differences in
their_______. (Ch. 12) - Answer -length

Sister chromatids are joined at the _______. - Answer -centromere

, Virus reproduction (Ch. 10) - Answer -infects a host cell

DNA viruses - Answer -hepatitis, chicken pox, herpes

RNA viruses - Answer -common cold, measles, mumps, polio, and AIDS

Virus dormancy - Answer -

virus severity - Answer -how much a virus affects a person depends on the immune
system response and what tissue is affected

vaccines - Answer -exposure to weak/inactive form of virus

influenza - Answer -RNA virus with high mutations

RNA v.s. DNA - Answer -RNA= single strand, one type of sugar, and has U. DNA=
double strand, different type of sugar, and has T.

Types of RNA - Answer -mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

mRNA - Answer -messenger

rRNA - Answer -ribosomal

tRNA - Answer -transfer

Transcription Steps - Answer -initiation, RNA elongation, termination, processing of
RNA (in Eukaryotes)

RNA polymerase - Answer -enzyme that links RNA nucleotides

promoter - Answer -starter site

terminator - Answer -ending site

RNA processing to mRNA - Answer -transcript goes to mRNA, adds cap and tail
nucleotides, RNA splicing occurs, joins exon regions

Introns - Answer -DNA that code for nothing

Exons - Answer -DNA that does code for something

reverse transcriptase - Answer -found in retro viruses like HIV that causes AIDS

retrovirus - Answer -

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