Exam (elaborations)
HMX Immunology – Questions & Complete Solutions
- Course
- Institution
HMX Immunology – Questions & Complete Solutions
[Show more]
Content preview
HMX Immunology – Questions & Complete SolutionsTissue resident sentinel cells include (3 types) Right Ans - Dendritic cells,
macrophages, and mast cells
Circulating leukocytes involved in innate response (2 types) Right Ans -
Monocytes and neutrophils
Phagocytic immune cells (2 types) Right Ans - Macrophages and
neutrophils
Difference between macrophages and neutrophils? Right Ans - Neutrophils
are short lived and will undergo apoptosis after eating a microbe;
macrophages are longer-lived and will eat apoptotic cells and waste
General cytokine role in innate immune response (and what cells release
them?) Right Ans - Released by dendritic cells, macrophages, and mast
cells. Pro-inflammatory molecules that interact with blood vessel endothelium
to recruit circulating leukocytes, fluid, and proteins into tissue
Which tissue-resident sentinel cell will release histamine upon activation?
Right Ans - Mast cell
Cytokines promote up-regulation of what kind of molecule within blood vessel
walls? Right Ans - Adhesion molecules
E-Selectin Right Ans - An adhesion molecule that helps to slow down
circulating leukocytes in innate immune response (low-affinity interaction)
E-Selectin Ligand Right Ans - A ligand expressed by circulating leukocytes
that helps them stick to blood vessel endothelium in innate immune response
ICAM-1 Right Ans - An adhesion molecule that helps circulating leukocytes
bind to blood vessel endothelium in innate immune response (high-affinity
interaction)
, Integrins (and the name of a specific one) Right Ans - A class of adhesion
molecules expressed on circulating leukocytes; LFA-1 binds to ICAM-1 in a
high affinity interaction during the innate inflammatory response
Stable Arrest Right Ans - When a circulating leukocyte comes to a stop
within the endothelium thanks to adhesion molecule interactions and can
enter the tissue
Pus Right Ans - Comprised of fluid and apoptotic cells/waste as a result of
an inflammatory response (DNA, dead bacteria, apoptotic neutrophils)
Psoriasis overview Right Ans - Autoimmune disease that can cause skin
plaques and arthritis; Skin plaques are caused by immune cells migrating into
the skin and initiating an inflammatory response
Psoriasis risk factors Right Ans - History of strep infections, skin injury,
first degree relative with psoriasis
TNF-alpha in psoriasis Right Ans - A pro-inflammatory cytokine expressed
in psoriasis that recruits immune cells into the skin and also acts directly on
epithelial cells to produce thickened/raised patches
Psoriasis treatment (biologics) Right Ans - Target the pro-inflammatory
cytokine TNF-alpha and therefore prevent the expression of adhesion
molecules on endothelial cells and prevent TNF-alpha from acting directly on
epithelial cells
Possible side effects of medications that block adhesion molecules Right
Ans - Susceptibility to infection due to inhibiting leukocyte entry into tissue
Most abundant leukocyte Right Ans - Neutrophils
What kind of infections are neutrophils particularly effective against? Right
Ans - Extracellular bacterial infections
Plasmacytoid dendritic cell Right Ans - A type of sentinel cell that detects
viruses and releases type 1 interferons
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LeCrae. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
81989 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now