Microbiology UTA 2460 Chapter 4 Already Rated A+
### Prokaryotes Overview - Definition: Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound
organelles. They are classified into two domains: - Bacteria - Archaea
### Habitat and Characteristics - Ubiquitous Nature: Pr...
- Definition: Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound
organelles. They are classified into two domains:
- Bacteria
- Archaea
### Habitat and Characteristics
- Ubiquitous Nature: Prokaryotes are found everywhere, including extreme environments:
- Hot Springs
- Ice Caps
- Deep Ocean
- Skin and Mucosal Surfaces
- Adaptability: Prokaryotes are adaptable and resilient, having the ability to switch metabolic or
respiratory methods according to environmental conditions.
### Benefits of Prokaryotes
- Prokaryotes provide crucial contributions to our habitats, including:
- Stability of Ecosystems
- Carbon/Nitrogen Fixation
- Environmental Cleanup (e.g., bioremediation)
### Negative Impacts of Prokaryotes
- Some prokaryotes can be harmful and cause:
- Human Pathogens (disease-causing bacteria)
- Contributions to Climate Change (e.g., methane-producing microbes)
, ### Symbiotic Relationships
- Definition: A symbiotic relationship is the interaction between two species living in close association
with each other.
- Types of Symbiotic Relationships:
- Mutualism:
- Organism A: Benefitted
- Organism B: Benefitted
- Amensalism:
- Organism A: Harmed
- Organism B: Unaffected
- Commensalism:
- Organism A: Benefitted
- Organism B: Unaffected
- Neutralism:
- Organism A: Unaffected
- Organism B: Unaffected
- Parasitism:
- Organism A: Benefitted
- Organism B: Harmed
### Examples of Symbiotic Environments
- Prokaryotic involvement in symbiotic environments includes:
- Spores in Soil
- Skin Cells as Food Source
- Antimicrobial Defense on Skin
- Gut Nutrient Metabolism
### Communities of Prokaryotes
- Polymicrobial: Refers to prokaryotes that live in communities, showcasing diverse interactions.
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