Capillary Refill - CORRECT ANSWER: -Depress the nail edge to blanch and then
release
-Should be less than two seconds
-Delayed cap refill could indicate cardiovascular or respiratory dysfunction
Deep Tissue Injury (DTI) - CORRECT ANSWER: Discoloration but skin intact, damage
to underlying tissue.
Dermis - CORRECT ANSWER: The middle layer is composed of connective tissue that
is formed by a dense combination of interconnecting collagen and elastic fibers. It
contains blood vessels, hair follicles, cutaneous nerve endings, sensory receptors,
lymphatics, ans sebaceous and sweat glands.
Ecchymosis - CORRECT ANSWER: Collection of blood in the dermis greater than 3mm
in diameter. Initially reddish-purple, but will change to blue or yellow during healing,
caused by trauma
Edema (accumulation of fluid in tissue) - CORRECT ANSWER: -Skin appears shinny
and tight
-Assess in all areas (arms, legs, abdomen)
-Assess over a bony area (shin)
+4 = severe, 8mm, prolonged return, greater than 30 seconds
Elasticity in the older adult. - CORRECT ANSWER: -Loses elasticity; skin folds and
sags.
-Decreased skin turgor.
Epidermis - CORRECT ANSWER: The surface layer is a combination of dead cells on
the outside and live cells on the inside. It takes about a month for cells to move from the
inner surface to the outer surface. This is a way the skin constantly renews itself.
Erosion - CORRECT ANSWER: Loss of epidermis, moist. ex. ruptured vesicle
Fissure - CORRECT ANSWER: Linear break in skin surface. ex. too dry or moist skin
Hair matrix in the older adult. - CORRECT ANSWER: Functioning melanocytes
decrease, leading to gray fine hair.
How often should a diabetic patient inspect feet, toenails, and between toes? -
CORRECT ANSWER: Daily
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