CRO 2024 Review Exam Questions & Answers 100% CORRECT
What is the median age at diagnosis for prostate cancer? - ANSWERSMedian age at diagnosis is 66.
What are the ACS (American Cancer Society) screening recommendations for prostate cancer?
Routine screening is NOT recommended by the Ame...
What is the median age at diagnosis for prostate cancer? - ANSWERSMedian age at diagnosis is 66.
What are the ACS (American Cancer Society) screening recommendations for prostate cancer?
Routine screening is NOT recommended by the American Cancer Society, but when done should begin
with ______________ and ____________________ exam at age ____________ if life expectancy is > 10
years - ANSWERSPSA and digital rectal exam at age 50 if life expectancy is > 10 years
What are the 4 parts of the prostate and what is the most common site of prostate cancer?
Prostate gland consists of the ____________________ zone (70% of glandular prostate and site of nearly
all cancers), the _______________ zone (25% of the glandular prostate), the _______________ zone
(surrounding the urethra and the site of BPH), and the __________________ ____________________
___________________ - ANSWERSperipheral
central
transition
anterior fibromuscular stroma.
What is the most common histology for prostate cancer? - ANSWERS>90% of prostates are
adenocarcinomas
What is the total dose prescribed for a patient receiving prostate radiotherapy? - ANSWERS- 75.6-79.2
Gy
What are the instructions concerning bladder and rectum filling/emptying before simulation for prostate
cancer?
, Pts are instructed to have a __________ bladder and an _____________ rectum for simulation -
ANSWERSfull
empty (following an enema)
What is the V70 dose limitation for the rectum for a patient receiving radiation therapy for prostate
cancer? - ANSWERSThe volume of the rectum receiving >70Gy is limited to <20%
What is the goal of treatment with LDR brachytherapy implants for prostate cancer?
Goal of treatment planning is to cover the prostate and a __________ mm margin to cover potential
______________________ - ANSWERS3-5 mm
ECE (extra-capsular extension)
What are the possible perioperative brachytherapy complications? - ANSWERSPain, dysuria, urinary
retention, hematuria, urinary frequency. Obstructive symptoms occur in 10% of patients and tend to
resolve in 6-12 months after the implant. Retention usually resolves in 1-3 days. Rectal injury is
technique-related and occurs in 1-5% of patients.
List the risk factors for penile cancer. - ANSWERSuncircumcised status, phimosis (the foreskin cannot be
fully retracted over the glans penis), poor local hygiene, HPV-16, 18
At what radiation dose does sterilization occur when treating penile cancer? - ANSWERS2 -3 Gy
What are the dose limits for the bladder and rectum during irradiation of the pelvic fields for the
treatment of penile cancer?
· limit bladder < _________Gy and rectum < ________ Gy and femoral heads < ________ Gy - ANSWERS·
limit bladder < 75 Gy and rectum < 70 Gy and femoral heads < 45 Gy
What are the complications of radiation treatment for penile cancer? - ANSWERSDermatitis, dysuria,
urethral stricture (10-40%), urethral fistula, impotence (10-20%), late skin telangiectasia (nearly
universal), penile fibrosis, penile necrosis (3-15%), small bowel obstruction (rare)
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