VCE Psychology Units 3&4 2024 Questions And
Answers Latest Update
Accuracy -ANS>how close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity being
measure
Action potential -ANS>an electrical impulse that travels down the axon of a neuron
Acute stress -ANS>a form of stress characterised by intense psychological and
physiological symptoms that are brief in duration
Adequate nutrition and hydration -ANS>when the type and amount of food and
drink that an individual consumes meet their physical needs
Advanced sleep phase disorder (ASPD) -ANS>a type of circadian rhythm sleep
disorder in which sleep and waking occur earlier than usual
Affective effects (relating to sleep deprivation) -ANS>the changes in emotions and
emotional responses that arise from sleep deprivation
After conditioning -ANS>the third stage of classical conditioning, during which the
neutral stimulus becomes the conditioned stimulus, producing a conditioned
response
,Agonists -ANS>a type of drug that imitates neurotransmitters and works to initiate
a neural response (excitatory or inhibitory) when it binds to the receptor sites of a
neuron
Aim -ANS>a statement outlining the purpose of an investigation
Alarm reaction -ANS>the first stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome involving
the initial decrease and subsequent increase in bodily arousal in response to an
immediate stressor
Allocation -ANS>the process of assigning participants to experimental conditions
Altered state of consciousness (ASC) -ANS>a state of consciousness that is
distinctly different from normal waking consciousness in terms of quality of
experience and levels of awareness
Ancestors (in relation to SEWB) -ANS>a belief that a family and community's
ancestors are interconnected with Creation spirits and Country and watch over,
guide, and protect families and communities in the physical and spiritual world
Antecedent -ANS>the stimulus or event that precedes and often elicits a particular
behaviour
Anxiety -ANS>a psychological and physiological response that involves feelings of
worry and apprehension about a perceived threat
,Appraisal -ANS>an assessment or evaluation of stimuli
Approach strategies -ANS>coping strategies that directly confront the source of
the stress
Attention (in relation to observational learning) -ANS>the first stage of
observational learning in which individuals actively focus on the model's behaviour
and the consequences of the behaviour
Autonomic nervous system -ANS>a division of the peripheral nervous system that
regulates visceral muscles, organs, and glands, and transmits neural messages to
the central nervous system about their activity
Avoidance strategies -ANS>coping strategies that evade the stressor, seeking to
indirectly reduce stress
Axon terminal (also known as terminal button) -ANS>the end of a neuron that
releases neurochemicals into the neural synapse
Bar chart -ANS>a graph displaying the relationship between at least two variables
using rectangular bars with heights or lengths proportional to the values they
represent
, Before conditioning -ANS>the first stage of classical conditioning, during which the
neutral stimulus has no associations and therefore does not produce any
significant response
Behaviour (in relation to operant conditioning) -ANS>the voluntary actions that
occur in the presence of the antecedent
Behavioural effects (relating to sleep deprivation) -ANS>the changes in actions and
the ability to control them that arise from sleep deprivation
Behaviourist approaches to learning -ANS>theories that propose learning occurs
by interacting with the external environment
Beneficence -ANS>the commitment to maximising benefits and minimising the
risks and harms involved in taking a particular position or course of action
Benign-positive -ANS>an initial appraisal of a stimulus as neutral or good that does
not cause stress for the individual
Benzodiazepines -ANS>a type of medication that depresses central nervous system
activity and is often used as a short-acting anti-anxiety medication
Between-subjects design (also known as independent-groups design or between-
groups design) -ANS>an experimental design in which individuals are divided into
different groups and complete only one experimental condition
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