,Adverse effects: Constipation, dizziness, and headache. QT PROLONGATION
Airway Exam - CORRECT ANSWER: a. Patency of nares, deviated septum, etc
b. Mouth opening > 3 large finger breaths (> 3 cm)
c. Teeth (prominent upper incisors, severe overbite, edentuous)
d. High arched palate
e. Prognathism (ability to protrude lower jaw beyond upper incisors)
f. TMJ movement
g. TMD > 6 cm (3 FB)
h. ROM neck
i. Stridor? (stenosis, angioedema, burns, obs)
j. Mallampatti
k. Neck circ (OSA, Obesity) --> 17 inches M, 16 FM
l. Beard
Anesthesia vaporizers and principles of operation
http://www.howequipmentworks.com/vaporisers/ - CORRECT ANSWER: All vaporizers
(except Des which use Tec 6) use:
Variable bypass- Fresh gas flow from the flowmeters enters the inlet of any vaporizer
which is on. The concentration control dial setting splits this stream into bypass gas
(which does not enter the vaporizing chamber), and carrier gas (also called chamber
flow, which flows over the liquid agent). So some of the carrier gas flows freely and
some is mixed with the inhalation anesthetic.
Flow over- Carrier gas flows over the surface of the liquid volatile agent in the
vaporizing chamber, as opposed to bubbling up through it (as in the older copper kettle
and Vernitrol)
,Anesthesthetic agents and bronchodilators - CORRECT ANSWER: Most volatile
anaesthetic drugs are bronchodilators and can be effective under anaesthesia.
ARB Refractory Hypotension Therapy - CORRECT ANSWER: similar mechanism as
ACEi refractory hypotension
ASA monitoring standards - CORRECT ANSWER: ASA monitoring standards (what is
essential)
a. Qualified Anesthesia Personnel
b. Oxygenation (SpO2)
c. Ventilation (ETCO2)
d. Circulation (ECG, BP)
e. Temperature shall be continually evaluated.
f. Agent specific monitor (i.e. anesthetic gas monitor)
ASA Physical Status Classification - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Healthy person.
2. Mild systemic disease.
3. Severe systemic disease.
4. Severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life.
5. A moribund person who is not expected to survive without the operation.
6. A declared brain-dead person whose organs are being removed for donor purposes.
Atracurium dose, metabolism, and SEs - CORRECT ANSWER: 0.5 mg/kg
, 3 min onset
45 min duration
Ester hydrolysis and Hoffman Elimination
Hypotension/Tachycardia/Bronchospasm (Re: histamine)
Back pain after spinal anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER: The frequency of backache is
approximately similar after spinal or general anaesthesia.
Localised trauma to the intervertebral disk or excessive stretching of associated
ligaments after loss of lumber lordosis due to relaxation of paraspinal muscles are
supposed to be the causative factors.
The pain is usually mild and self limiting although it may last for several weeks.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and warm or cold compresses are sufficient for
backache.
Although backache is usually benign, it may be an indication of more serious
complications like epidural abscess, spinal hematoma or syndrome of transient
neurologic symptoms.
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