Summary Cloning and biotechnology notes for A level Biology OCR
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Course
Biotechnology
Institution
OCR
Book
A Level Biology A for OCR Student Book
In depth revision notes covering the whole of cloning and biotechnology. The topic is broken down into the individual specification points, shown by the numbers used throughout.
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, CLONING & BIOTECH
coming
beaut
Vegetative propagation
· Asexual reproduction in plants (natural
dowing
4) e .
Strawberry plants
.
g . They produce runners
(long stems) that grow sideways across the
ground . At points along the runner new shoots/ ,
roots grow , becoming new
genetically
identical strawberry plants. The new plant
cal be propegated from the ster , leaf bud
or root of the parent plant
.
Examples :
Involves
·
pereating organs which can store
food remain dormant also helps them to
longer through growing seasons).
-
survwe
daffodil bulbs-leaf bases store food Swell
,
·
buds form internally to grow in the next
Season
·
spider plants-form runners
·
marram grass-rhizomes are a specialised
horizontal sterk
running underground ,
swollen
with storedfood , buds Shoots form from this
ruizome + become new plants .
·
potato-base of the stur underground form a
tuber with stored food, buds develop on the
tuber
methods :
plants are cloned using ;
· A non-flowering stem
·
An oblique cut in the stem-between 2 leaf
·
Hormone roothing Powder nodes
(
&
Reduce leaves to 2 or 4
#
keep the cuting well watered
cover cutting with a plastic bag for a
S
·
few days
The base of the plant is submerged
ii this to
encourage the tissues in the
ster to
develop into new roots
.
Benefits Risks
·
No genetic >
- could lead to
variation disease
& except mutation) susceptibility
·
offspring Can't colonise
·
&
adapted to un new
No new
areas
alleles
·
environment
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