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Anatomy and Physiology(chapter two) questions with answers
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Anatomy and physiology chapter two Anatomy and physiology
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Test bank for anatomy and physiology 2nd edition by openstax verified chapters 1 - 28, complete 2024
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( CFA) Anatomy and Physiology questions and answers
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Anatomy and PhysiologyChapter 2
Cells and Tissues
1. Which structure within the cell produces ATP (adenosine triphosphate)?
A. the mitochondria
B. the nucleus
C. peripheral proteins
D. the endoplasmic reticulum
Answer is A: This is a basic function of mitochondria. All other answers are
wrong.
2. Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell plasma membrane?
A. cholesterol
B. proteins
C. microfi laments
D. phospholipids
Answer is C: microfi laments occur inside the cell.
3. Which list below contains the four types of tissue?
A. extracellular fl uid, skeletal tissue, glandular tissue, connective tissue.
B. extracellular fl uid, muscle tissue, glandular tissue, cartilaginous tissue.
C. neural tissue, skeletal tissue, epithelial tissue, cartilaginous tissue.
D. Neural tissue, muscle tissue, epithelial tissue, connective tissue.
Answer is D: These are the four types. Extracellular fl uid is not a tissue.
Cartilage is a type of connective tissue.
4. Except for one, the following are types of cells. Which one is NOT a type of
cell?
A. platelets
B. leucocytes
C. macrophages
D. osteoblasts
Answer is A: Platelets are fragments of a cell (a megakaryocyte) bound by a
membrane.
5. In which part of a cell does the process of making ATP from oxygen and glu-
cose take place?
A. lysosomes
B. ribosomes
C. mitochondria
D. golgi apparatus
Answer is C: ATP production is the function of mitochondria.
6. Which of the following is a function of membrane proteins?
A. to process lipids and proteins for secretion through the plasma membrane
B. to act as receptors for hormones
C. to synthesise proteins from amino acids
, D. to act as a cytoskeleton to support and shape the cell
Answer is B: One function of membrane proteins is to receive (amino acid
based) hormones that cannot pass through the plasma membrane.
7. What is the difference between simple squamous cells and simple columnar
cells?
A. squamous cells are fl attened while columnar cells are taller than they are
wide.
B. simple squamous cells are one layer thick while simple columnar cells are
several layers thick.
C. simple squamous cells are epithelial tissue while simple columnar cells are
connective tissue.
D. squamous cells are fl attened while columnar cells are cuboidal.
Answer is A: The names of the cells contains a description of their shape: either
fl at, or like columns. Simple refers to a single layer of cells
8. Which of the following is NOT an example of a cell?
A. macrophages
B. lysosomes
C. plasmocytes
D. chondroblasts
Answer is B: the suffi x “–some” refers to an organelle within a cell. The other
suffi xes all indicate a type of cell.
9. Which cell organelles contain an acidic environment capable of digesting a
wide variety of molecules?
A. Lysosomes
B. Ribosomes
C. Centrosomes
D. Golgi complex
Answer is A: the prefi x “lyso-” refers to the ability to dissolve or destroy mol-
ecules or cells.
10. Which form of transport through the plasma membrane requires the expendi-
ture of energy by the cell?
A. Facilitated diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Active transport
D. Diffusion
Answer is C: The term “active” implies using energy (in the form of ATP) to
move a molecule against its concentration gradient, while the other processes
are all passive.
11. Which of the tissue types below consists of a single layer of cells?
A. stratifi ed squamous epithelial tissue
B. glandular epithelium
C. areolar connective tissue
D. simple columnar epithelial tissue
Answer is D: the word “simple” indicates a single layer of cells. Stratifi ed
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