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SLCC Pathophysiology Unit 3 Questions with solutions Graded A+
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SLCC Pathophysiology Unit 3
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SLCC Pathophysiology Unit 3RBCs (Normal Value) - answer3.6 - 5.4
Hematocrit (Hct Normal Value) - answer37 - 50 %
Hemoglobin (Hgb Normal Value) - answer12 - 16.5
Reticulocyte Count - answer Immature RBCs - If elevated this indicates that mature
RBCs are depleted for some reason
Three groups of anemia - answer1) blood loss, 2) decreased or faulty red blood cell
production, 3) destruction of red blood cells
Hemoglobin - answer delivers O2 to tissues by binding to RBCs and going through gas
exchange in the lungs.
S&S of Anemia (result of hypoxia) - answer Fatigue, Tachypnea, Tachycardia, Pallor
(check inside mouth for signs of pale color mucosa and gums)
Anemia (due to decreased or faulty RBC Production) - answer Nutritional deficiencies,
sickle cell anemia, BM & Stem cell issues, Kidney disfunction.
Hemolytic anemia – answer RBCs die quicker than the bone marrow can replace them.
Causes can be "Intrinsic" (inherited defective RBCs) or "Extrinsic" (everything else).
Folate (Vitamin B-9) - answerkey element for cell growth, especially in RBCs. Birth
defects for pregnancies.
Cobalamin (Vitamin B-12) - answerrequired to make RBCs. IF (Intrinsic factor) is
needed for Vitamin B12 absorption.
Hematocrit - answer% of erythrocytes in whole blood.
Erythropoietin injections - answergiven to patients with severe anemia caused by kidney
failure or bone marrow failure. May eliminate the need for a blood transfusion
Macrocytic-Normochromic - answerPernicious anemia, folate deficiency
Microcytic-Hypochromic - answer(Micro= small chromic=pale) Iron deficiency,
sideroblastic, thalassemia.
, Normocytic-Normochromic - answerAplastic, post hemorrhage, hemolytic, chronic
inflammation, Sickle cell anemia.
Pernicious anemia - answerVitamin B12 is not absorbed by the body. Can be caused by
lack of IF.
Folate anemia - answerLack of this vitamin B12 in diet. Alcoholics, Pregnancy,
malnutrition.
Iron deficiency anemia - answerChronic blood loss or lack of diet. Menstruation, child
birth, malnutrition. Lightheaded, dizzy.
Sideroblastic anemia - answerdysfunctional iron uptake by erythroblast, or can be
genetic (X linked recessive) or chemically induced (ethanol, lead, antibiotics).
Thalassemia anemia - answerGenetic, persistent fetal Hgb
Aplastic anemia - answerdestruction of bone marrow stem cells. (anyone is at risk) S/S
infection bleeding.
Post Hemorrhage anemia - answerSudden blood loss due to surgery, trauma. S/S
shock and metabolic acidosis.
Hemolytic anemia S/S - answerSplenomegaly, Jaundice
Sickle Cell anemia - answerautosomal recessive defect of Hgb. hepatomegaly,
splenomegaly, localized thrombosis, Sickle Cell Crisis
Hemolytic Disease of Newborn - answerRh- mom produces an antibodies against Rh+
baby after second pregnancy.
Vaso-Occlusive sickle cell CRISIS - answerRBCs trigger the formation of blood clots
with in the circulation. Dehydration and infection is an initiating cause.
Sequestration sickle cell CRISIS - answerRBCs are removed from the general
circulation and held in by the spleen. Hypovolemic shock
Aplastic sickle cell CRISIS - answerexhaustion of the bone marrow. Erythropoiesis
cannot keep up with the constant need to replace RBCs. Can lead to bone marrow
failure
Treatment of Sickle cell crisis - answeroxygen, IV fluids and pain meds.
Polycythemia Vera - answerToo many RBCs in blood.
WBC (Normal Value) - answer5,000-10,000
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