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PKG 221 EXAM 4 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
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PKG 221 EXAM 4 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
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PKG 221 EXAM 4 2024/2025 WITH 100%ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
Are most metal cans recyclable? - Precise Answer ✔✔yes
Metal provides a good ________ - Precise Answer ✔✔barrier
Cost of production for metals are _______ - Precise Answer ✔✔very
high
Metals are not _______ when considering size - Precise Answer
✔✔flexible
What are the main metal materials? - Precise Answer ✔✔-Steel
-Tin
-Chromium
-Aluminum
-Lead
What are two types of Steel? - Precise Answer ✔✔Tinplate or TFS
(ECCS)
,Who developed metal packaging, when and why? - Precise Answer
✔✔Nicolas Appert in 1809 because of Napoleon's offer for 12,000
francs for a method of preserving food to sustain his army.
Who was the first to discover microbiological causes of spoilage in
foods? - Precise Answer ✔✔Louis Pasteur (1847-1857)
Who first used metal cans? - Precise Answer ✔✔Pierre Durand
When was the beginning of the US canning industry? - Precise Answer
✔✔When William Underwood immigrated from England to Boston in
1817
When was the first appearance of preserved food in cans? - Precise
Answer ✔✔Thomas kennett from the U.K.
How were cans originally made? - Precise Answer ✔✔used to solder
lead
What is the "Crimping method"? - Precise Answer ✔✔Called double
seaming, when the two ends are attached and then soldered. Patented in
1896 by Max Arms
What is the newer production method for metal cans? - Precise Answer
✔✔Two-piece can
,What made The use of Aluminum possible for metal cans? Why? -
Precise Answer ✔✔The two piece can produced by "Drawing and
Ironing" since the metal cannot be soldered or welded.
________ cans dominate the beverage industry - Precise Answer
✔✔two piece
D&I process lower ______________ - Precise Answer ✔✔cost of
production
What is the "necking in" operation? - Precise Answer ✔✔Reduction of
the diameter of the top of the can.
Necking is results in significant __________ - Precise Answer ✔✔cost
savings
Originally production was _______cans/min. Today the production can
be up to __________cans/min - Precise Answer ✔✔10, 2500
What does"medium residual" (MR) refer to? - Precise Answer ✔✔The
amount of residual metal elements other than phosphorus
What is the most common can-making steel? - Precise Answer
✔✔Alloy type medium residual
, Type L and LT have low ________ and are used for _________ and
________ - Precise Answer ✔✔residuals, acidic foods, other corrosive
products
Type D alloy has improved ________ and is used in application where
__________ is required - Precise Answer ✔✔ductility, deep draw
Metal temper is designated by an arbitrary number, using... - Precise
Answer ✔✔Rockwell 30-T hardness tester.
The Rockwell 30-T hardness tester measures the... - Precise Answer
✔✔Penetration of a hardened steel ball into the sheet surface at a given
force.
Temper and hardness are affected by the method of what? - Precise
Answer ✔✔rolling and annealing.
Steels range from _____ to ______ - Precise Answer ✔✔"Dead soft"
(easily folded over) to stiff and springy
metal is work-hardened if... - Precise Answer ✔✔rolled while cold,
producing a much stiffer steel
What is Double-reduced steel? - Precise Answer ✔✔Steel that is rolled
once, annealed and then cold-rolled again.
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