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NUR 216 Exam 4 Questions and answers | With complete solution | Rated A+
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NUR 216 Exam 4 Questions and answers | With complete solution | Rated A+
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NUR 216 Exam 4 Questions and answers| With complete solution | Rated A+
Back pain - proper body mechanics are important when bending, lifting
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Post-op surgery for herniated disk - monitor vital signs, increased heart rate can be sign of
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pain, monitor temp - elevated temp can be a sign of infection
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Possible nursing diagnoses for herniated disk - acute pain (post op), impaired physical
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mobility
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Herniated disk -> be sure to look at your information - based on vital signs and patient
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assessment as well as patient comments, what is the patient's BIGGEST problem right
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now?
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Possible nursing diagnosis for scoliosis - disturbed body image, impaired mobility, acute
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pain
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Nursing actions for scoliosis - include all parties (family and child) in care meeting to
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discuss feelings, education regarding clothing choices to assist in concealing the brace,
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encourage peer relationships or groups with other students in the same situation
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Assessment for scoliosis - thoracic ribs being more prominent when bending forward,
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uneven shoulders, scapula asymmetrical, uneven leg lengths
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ii Diagnosis for scoliosis - typically, by X-ray
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What is osteoarthritis? - Most common form of arthritis; develops as wear and tear on
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joints break down cartilage in the joint - bone rubs on bone
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ii Another name for osteoarthritis? - Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD)
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Symptoms of osteoarthritis - pain - worse with activity, pain from prolonged inactivity,
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tenderness to touch, swelling, crepitus (crackling, grating), decreased range of motion,
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paresthesias, joint enlargement, flexion contractures
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Risks for osteoarthritis - old age, obesity, women at increased risk, joint injuries,
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diabetics, hypothyroid, gout
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Collaboration with osteoarthritis - physical therapy for use of assistive devices and ROM
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and weight bearing exercises
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, Diagnostics for osteoarthritis - x-ray, MRI, ultrasound, joint fluid analysis (if analysis
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shows uric acid, blood, bacteria - then this would NOT indicate osteoarthritis - but rather,
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gout), blood tests that can rule out other causes for pain
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ii Care for fractures/possible fractures - initial care - ice!
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Cast care for fractures/ possible fractures - assess neurovascular status, know the 5 p's,
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monitor skin temp below cast
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ii What are the 5 p's - pain, paralysis, paresthesia, pallor, pulse
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ii What vital sign indicates pain with fractures? - increased heart rate
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Plaster casts may have rough edges - use cloth tape to cover and do not stick anything in
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the cast
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ii If persisted pain with cast - needs removed
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Comparment syndrome - skin is tight, may appear shiny distal to the cast/injury , may not
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feel pulses distal to the cast/injury, cold skin distal to the cast/injury, and capillary refill may
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be delayed distal to cast/injury
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ii Open fracture - compound fracture; bone breaks and protrudes through the skin
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ii Risks for open fractures - risk for infection; increased risk of osteomyelitis
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ii Closed fracture - simple fracture; bone breaks but skin remains intact
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ii Complete fracture - fracture involves the entire width of the bone (split)
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Greenstick fracture - incomplete fracture; bone fragments are still partially joined and
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occurs commonly in children
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Comminuted fracture - bone fragments into many pieces; common in individuals with
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brittle bones, such as patients with osteogenesis imperfecta
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Impacted fracture - buckle fracture; the two ends of the bone are forced together, often
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seen with children's arm and hip fractures
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ii Oblique fracture - fracture occurs diagonal (at an angle) to the bone's axis
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ii Transverse fracture - Fracture occurs at a right angle (90°) to the bone's axis ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii
ii Linear fracture - fracture occurs parallel to the bone's axis
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