Exam (elaborations)
cardiac dysrhythmias AH 2 (1).
- Course
- Institution
cardiac dysrhythmias AH 2 (1).
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
modockochieng06
Content preview
cardiac dysrhythmias AH 2•Located upper area of right atrium at junction of superior vena cava
•The normal pacemaker of the heart
•Normal rate: 60-100 beats/minute (bpm) - ANS-Sinoatrial (SA) Node
(40-60 beats per min)
•Located lower portion of right atrium above tricuspid valve
•Delays electrical impulse to allow atria to contract & complete filling of ventricles
•Receives an impulse & conducts it to ventricles - ANS-Atrioventricular (AV) Node
•Located upper portion of interventricular septum
•Connects AV node with the two bundle branches
•Intrinsic rate: 40-60 bpm - ANS-Bundle of His
•Divides into two bundles to supply left ventricle - ANS-Left Bundle Branch
•An elaborate web of fibers distributed throughout ventricular myocardium - ANS-Purkinje Fibers
White - RA
•Distal RIGHT clavicle
Black - LA
•Distal LRFT clavicle
Red - LL
•LEFT 5th intercostal
Brown - Central
•4th intercostal R Sternal border
Green - RL/Ground
•Right 5th Intercostal - ANS-Telemetry Lead Placement
Movement of ions across cell membrane causing inside of cell to become positive
Muscle contracts - ANS-Depolarization
Movement of ions causing inside of cell to become negative
Muscle relaxes - ANS-Repolarization
•Represents depolarization of right & left atria
•Usually smooth & rounded - ANS-P Wave
•Part of the PR interval
•Locater from end of P wave to beginning of QRS complex
•Normally isoelectric line - ANS-PR segment
,•Reflects ventricular depolarization
•Atrial repolarization usually takes place,
but the QRS complex overshadows it
•Normal QRS interval: 0.06-0.12 seconds - ANS-QRS complex
•The portion between the QRS complex & T wave
•Represents early part of repolarization of right & left ventricles - ANS-ST segment
•Ventricular repolarization
•Identified as the point where the slope of the ST segment appears to become abruptly or
gradually steeper & ends when it returns to baseline - ANS-T wave
0.04 sec - ANS-EKG Width of each small square
1 second - ANS-EKG 5 large boxes represent
6 seconds - ANS-EKG 30 large boxes represent
3 seconds - ANS-EKG 15 large boxes represent
Count number of QRS complexes in 6 seconds & multiply be 10 - ANS-how to count ventricular
rate with 6 second method
Count number of P waves in 6 seconds & multiply by 10 - ANS-how to count atrial rate with 6
second method
0.12-0.20 seconds - ANS-normal PR interval
smooth, rounded, upright in lead II, <0.12 seconds - ANS-P wave measurements
•Beginning of Q wave to end of S wave
Count the number of small squares
Multiply by .04 seconds - ANS-QRS complex measurements
Represents entire ventricular activity
Normal QT Interval: 0.36-0.44 seconds - ANS-QT interval
Normal Sinus Rhythm
Sinus Bradycardia
Sinus Tachycardia
Sinus Arrhythmia
Sinus Arrest(Pause) - ANS-Synus Rhythms
, •Originates in sinus node
•Reflects normal activity
•Normal intrinsic firing rate 60-100
•Rhythm - regular
•P Wave - normal
•PR interval - normal; may be prolonged
•QRS - normal; may be wide
•QT interval - normal; may be prolonged - ANS-normal sinus rhythm characteristics
•Originates in sinus node
•Rate below 59
•Rhythm regular
•P wave - normal
•PR interval - normal; may be prolonged
•QRS - normal; may be wide
•QT interval - may be prolonged - ANS-sinus bradycardia characteristics
•Good athletic conditioning
•Rest/sleep
•Increased vagal tone
•Medications -
Inderal, Digoxin, Verapamil
•MI
Hypothermia - ANS-sinus bradycardia causes
Usually asymptomatic
Symptoms if symptomatic:
Chest pain
SOB
Altered LOC
Hypotension
CHF
Pulmonary congestion
Fatigue
Syncope
Lightheadedness - ANS-sinus bradycardia symptoms
Treatment for symptoms:
O2
IV
Atropine IV
Transcutaneous pacing - ANS-sinus brady treatment
•Originates in SA node
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller modockochieng06. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
73243 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now