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B260 Central Line- ATI info (1)
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B260 Central Line- ATI info (1)
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B260 Central Line- ATI infocentral venous catheters, central venous access devices (CVAD) - ANS-2 alternate names for
central lines
to administer IV meds or therapies - ANS-purpose of central lines
veins of the hands or forearms - ANS-peripheral IV catheter insertion sites
large veins in the central circulation; internal or external jugular veins, or lower third of superior
or inferior vena cavas - ANS-central line placed broadly where? specifically? (4)
chest x ray; to ensure tip and catheter inserted correctly and ensure there's no pneumothorax -
ANS-what's done at time of insertion? why? (2)
collapsed lung; air gets in the pleural space (outside of the lung) - ANS-pneumothorax;
pathophysiology
over a year; patients requiring long term care/ chronic illnesses - ANS-how long can a central
line remain in one place? so these are good for which patients?
parenteral nutrition, chemotherapy or other vesicant or irritating solutions, blood products,
antibiotics, IV medications or solutions (when peripheral access is limited), central venous
pressure monitoring - ANS-which patients require central lines? (6)
some have one, others have many - ANS-how many lumens are in a central line?
large, central vein - ANS-single-lumen catheters are placed into what type of vein?
no; blood clumps to inside of lumen cause decreased flow of nutrition - ANS-can the same
single-lumen catheter be used for parenteral nutrition and blood sampling/transfusion of blood?
why/whynot?
maintains seperate throughout the tube - ANS-do the lumens of a multi-lumen catheter (MLC)
maintain seperate from each other within the tube or merge together
varies from 2-4 - ANS-how many lumens can there be in an MLC
distal port (16-gauge lumen), medial port (18-gauge lumen), proximal port (18-gauge lumen);
distal port - ANS-3 types of lumen ports? which is largest lumen?
monitoring central venous pressure and meds - ANS-what are distal ports used for
, parenteral nutrition and meds - ANS-what are medial ports used for
blod sampling, meds, and blood component meds - ANS-what are proximal ports used for
tunneled, nontunneled, implanted port, peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) -
ANS-name 4 types of central lines
central line can rupture; avoid excessive force and use 10 mL syringe or larger when flushing
the lines - ANS-what can happen if adminstering something using excessive pressure in the
syringe to central line? 2 ways to prevent this
larger syringe - ANS-smaller or larger syringes creates less pressure?
preservative-free, sterile 0.9% sodium chloride solution - ANS-whic solution helps ensure and
maintain patency of all types of central venous access devices.
pulsing (push-stop-push-stop) flush; creates turbulence - ANS-what flushing technique helps
clear blood and medications from the line? how?
at least twice the volume capacity of the catheter - ANS-what volume of flush solution should be
used?
x=heparin; y= valve tip z= closed-tip - ANS-most catheters require x flushing except y and z tips.
saline flush - ANS-what type of flush is required by valve tip and closed tip catheters
catheter patency - ANS-goal of heparin flush
if catheter isn't clamped; air embolus - ANS-how can air enter the patient's central circulation?
what could this cause?
whenever not in use - ANS-when should a catheter be clamped?
closed tip or valve tip - ANS-which catheter types don't require clamping?
blood flow back into the catheter's lumen when you disconnect the syringe or administration set;
blood reflux; occlusions - ANS-what do negative displacement devices (valve tip or closed tip)
allow? this is called what? what can this lead to?
negative displacement device!!! can't use positive technique with positive device bc this can
cause blood reflux - ANS-do you use a positive flushing technique with a positive displacement
device or negative displacement device? why?
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