BIO 252 UNC Johnson Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BIO 252
Institution
BIO 252
Resting membrane potential is the product of which channels? K+ leak channels Na+/K+ ATPase
What makes neuronal messaging across a membrane possible? A potential because of the charge separation across the membrane
At RMP what side are the + and - charges Outside + Inside -
How is the RMP mainta...
BIO 252 UNC Johnson Practice
Questions and Correct Answers
Resting membrane potential is the product of which channels? ✅K+ leak channels
Na+/K+ ATPase
What makes neuronal messaging across a membrane possible? ✅A potential because
of the charge separation across the membrane
At RMP what side are the + and - charges ✅Outside +
Inside -
How is the RMP maintained? (2 parts) ✅1. K+ diffusion is in dynamic equilibrium
2. Na/K pump sends out 3Na for every 2K it brings in
Channels used by local potentials? ✅Gated K+ channels
Action potentials use which channels? ✅Voltage gated Na and K channels
Processes of Local Potentials ✅1. Na channels open in response to neurotransmittors
2. Na flows into the cell resulting in depolarization
3. Na diffuses along inside of cell membrane
Explain Local Potentials: 1. Decremental 2. Graded 3. Self Correction 4.
Hyperpolarizing or depolarizing ✅1. Decreasing in value with distance
2. Extent of depolarization depends on the amt of Na+ that enters cell
3. will self correct back to RMP
4. Hyper (Cl-)= Inhibit AP
De (Na+)= Promote AP
What does a neuron lack that other cells have and why? ✅Centrioles. No reproduction,
neurons are post-mitotic
What structure of the neuron is the hub of communication for the cell? ✅axon hillock
Move towards the positive end of the microtubule in the axon ✅Kinesins
Anterograde in neurons ✅Kinesins
Retrograde in neurons ✅Dyneins
, Move towards the cell body along the microtubule in the nueron ✅Dyneins (cell body is
negative end)
The synaptic knob is full of? ✅Vesicles, which are neurotransmittors
Where are multipolar neurons found? ✅Brain and spinal cord (CNS)
Where are bipolar neurons found? ✅Olfactory cells, retina, inner ear
where are unipolar neurons found? (only one projection coming from cell body)
✅Sensory neurons from skin and organs to spinal cord
What are anaxonic nuerons and where are they found? ✅Many dendrites but no axon,
help in visual process
What are the supportive cells of the ANS? ✅Neuroglia/glial cells
4 kinds of glial cells in the CNS ✅1. Oligodendrocytes
2. Ependymal
3. Microglia
4. Astrocytes
3 functions of the glial cells ✅1. provide physical support
2. environmental control
3. guidance
Oligodendrocytes ✅large bulbous cells with many processes, forms myelin sheath
Ependymal cells ✅cuboidal cells that line the internal, fluid-filled cavities of CNS;
produce CSF and have cilia on their surfaces that circulate it
Microglia ✅small phagocytic cells that wander through the CNS tissue and destroy
debris; concentrate in areas affected by trauma
astrocytes ✅must abundant glial cells, cover brain surface and most neurons (except
at synapses); form support for CNS tissue, form blood brain barrier, secrete nerve
growth factors, stablilize chemical environment of CNS, convert blood glucose to
lactate, form scar tissue
Name the 2 glial cells of the PNS ✅1. Satellite cells
2. Schwann cells
Satellite cells ✅surround the bodies of peripheral neurons; insulate them and regulate
chemical environment
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