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Differential Diagnosis Final Exam UPDATED Exam Questions And CORRECT Answers What are the most common MS sx associated with endocrine disorders? - CORRECT ANSWER- Proximal muscle weakness, myalgia, carpal tunnel syndrome, periarthritis, adhesive capsulitis (shoulder) (see Table 11-1) What ...

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  • August 7, 2024
  • 22
  • 2024/2025
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Differential Diagnosis Final Exam
UPDATED Exam Questions And
CORRECT Answers

What are the most common MS sx associated with endocrine disorders? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Proximal muscle weakness, myalgia, carpal tunnel syndrome, periarthritis,
adhesive capsulitis (shoulder) (see Table 11-1)


What systemic conditions cause CTS? - CORRECT ANSWER- Endocrine disorders,
infectious diseases, collagen disorders, cancer, liver disease (see Table 11-2).


What are the mechanisms by which CTS occur? - CORRECT ANSWER- Depends on the
underlying disease process. For example, thickening of the transverse carpal ligament is
associated with acromegaly and myxedema. Increased volume of the contents of the carpal
tunnel occurs with pregnancy, neoplasm, gouty tophi deposits, and lipids in diabetes mellitus.
Hormonal changes (e.g., menopause, pregnancy) can also result in carpal tunnel syndrome
(CTS). See also liver-related causes in Chapter 9).


Disorders of the endocrine glands can be caused by:
a. Dysfunction of the gland
b. External stimulus
c. Excess or insufficiency of hormonal secretions
d. a and b
e. b and c
f. All the above - CORRECT ANSWER- (f)


List 3 of the most common symptoms of DM - CORRECT ANSWER- polydipsia, poluria,
polyphagia


What is the primary difference between the two hyperglycemic states: diabetic ketoacidosis
(DKA) and hyperglycemic, hyperosmolar, nonketotic coma (HHNC)? - CORRECT
ANSWER- The major differentiating factor between diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and
hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) is the absence of ketosis in HHS.

,Is it safe to administer a source of sugar to a lethargic or unconscious person with diabetes? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Yes. If their glucose levels are high, you will not endanger them any
further with a small amount of sugar, and you may help someone who is experiencing
hypoglycemia associated with diabetes mellitus.


Clients with diabetes insipidus (DI) would most likely come to the therapist with which of the
following clinical symptoms?
a. Severe dehydration, polydipsia
b. Headache, confusion, lethargy
c. Weight gain
d. Decreased urine output - CORRECT ANSWER- (a)


Clients who are taking corticosteroid medications should be monitored for the onset of
Cushing's syndrome. You will need to monitor your client for which of the following
problems?
a. Low blood pressure, hypoglycemia
b. Decreased bone density, muscle wasting
c. Slow wound healing
d. b and c - CORRECT ANSWER- (d)


Signs and symptoms of Cushing's syndrome in an adult taking oral steroids may include:
a. Increased thirst, decreased urination, and decreased appetite
b. Low white blood cell count and reduced platelet count
c. High blood pressure, tachycardia, and palpitations
d. Hypertension, slow wound healing, easy bruising - CORRECT ANSWER- (d)


Parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion is particularly important in the metabolism of bone.
The client with an oversecreting parathyroid gland would most likely have:
a. Increased blood pressure
b. Pathologic fractures
c. Decreased blood pressure
d. Increased thirst and urination - CORRECT ANSWER- (b)

, Which glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) value is within the recommended range?
a. 6%
b. 8%
c. 10%
d. 12% - CORRECT ANSWER- (a) The American Diabetes Association recommends that
people with diabetes maintain a level of 7% or below on the A1C; this reflects average blood-
sugar levels over a period of 2 to 3 months.


A 38-year-old man comes to the clinic for low back pain. He has a new diagnosis of Graves'
disease. When asked if there are any other symptoms of any kind, he replies "increased
appetite and excessive sweating." When you perform a neurologic screening examination,
what might be present that would be associated with the Graves' disease?
a. Hyporeflexia but no change in strength
b. Hyporeflexia with decreased muscle strength
c. Hyperreflexia with no change in strength
d. Hyperreflexia with decreased muscle strength - CORRECT ANSWER- (d)


All of the following are common signs or symptoms of insulin resistance except:
a. Acanthosis nigricans
b. Drowsiness after meals
c. Fatigue
d. Oliguria - CORRECT ANSWER- (d)


Fibromyalgia syndrome is a:
a. Musculoskeletal disorder
b. Psychosomatic disorder
c. Neurosomatic disorder
d. Noninflammatory rheumatic disorder - CORRECT ANSWER- (c) neurosomatic disorder


Which of the following best describes the pattern of rheumatic joint disease?

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