NSG 310 Fluid and Electrolytes Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NSG 310
Institution
NSG 310
What percentage of the human body is water? 60%
What is intracellular fluid? Fluid inside of the cell
What is extracellular fluid? Fluid outside of the cell
What percentage of body weight is due to intracellular fluid? 40%
What percentage of body weight is due to extracellular fluid? 20%
Where...
NSG 310 Fluid and Electrolytes Review
Questions and Correct Answers
What percentage of the human body is water? ✅60%
What is intracellular fluid? ✅Fluid inside of the cell
What is extracellular fluid? ✅Fluid outside of the cell
What percentage of body weight is due to intracellular fluid? ✅40%
What percentage of body weight is due to extracellular fluid? ✅20%
Where is most extracellular fluid found? ✅In intravascular spaces
What are intravascular spaces? ✅Spaces outside of the cell wall
What is interstitial fluid? ✅Filtrate of blood located between cells or between cells and
capillaries
True or false? If false, why?
Interstitial fluid has a similar protein content to that of blood. ✅False! Interstitial fluid
has no protein.
True or false? If false, why?
When fluid shifts, electrolytes shift. ✅True!
What is hydrostatic pressure? ✅The force of fluid pressure in the bloodstream
What is osmotic pressure? ✅The pressure by solutes in a solution
What is oncotic pressure? ✅The pressure created by albumin in blood
What is another term for oncotic pressure? ✅Colloid pressure
What is albumin? ✅A plasma protein that helps retain water
If you do not eat and your body lacks protein, fluid will shift externally via _____
pressure ✅Oncotic
, What kind of pressure causes blood pressure? ✅Hydrostatic pressure
What causes osmotic pressure? ✅Water at different concentrations due to the dilution
of water by dissolved molecules (solutes like salt and nutrients)
______ pressure pushes outward on the capillary whereas _____ pressure pulls inward
✅Hydrostatic; osmotic
What is tonicity? ✅The amounts of solutes in solution compared with the bloodstream
What is an isotonic solution? ✅A solution with the same tonicity as blood
How does an isotonic solution affect fluid shifting and cell size? ✅It doesn't; the tonicity
is the same so fluid is in equilibrium
What is the standard isotonic solution? ✅0.9% NaCl (normal saline)
What is a lactated ringer? ✅A solution with similar physiological constituents as those
found in blood
What is a hypotonic solution? ✅A solution that has fewer particles (and more water)
than blood
How do hypotonic solutions affect fluid shifting and cell size? ✅Fluid shifts from the
ECF into the ICF, causing cells to swell
What is the standard hypotonic solution? ✅0.45% NaCl (half normal saline)
What is a hypertonic solution? ✅A solution with more particles (and less water) than
blood
How do hypertonic solutions affect fluid shifting and cell size? ✅Fluid shifts from the
ICF into the ECF, causing cells to shrink
Which is more often used, a hypotonic or hypertonic solution? ✅Hypotonic
Question:
The client in the ER is being admitted following a motor vehicle accident with an acute
blood loss. What IV solution will the ER nurse hang initially as fluid replacement?
✅Lactated ringers or 0.9% NaCl (an isotonic solution)
Why are capillary beds so important? ✅Gas exchange occurs here
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