AMERICAN GOVERNMENT CLEP Exam | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest
Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions
Strict Scrutiny - This is a standard of judicial review that states that when any
government law or action places a hardship or infringes on a basic civil liberty, the
government must have a compelling interest in order to justify the restriction and must
use the least restrictive means for accomplishing it.
Due Process - The Fourteenth Amendment principle requires state government to
respect all civil liberties guaranteed to a person under the Constitution and US law, such
as protection of citizens from being sent to prison without a trial. In addition to
respecting all legal rights given to a citizen under the law, due process also means that
the government cannot take away people's rights until due process has been applied.
A person who believes that the government should do what the majority of people in the
country want them to do is advocating what theory? - Majoritarianism
Getting a reliable sample relies heavily on what factors? - Random selection, sample
size, and variation.
Is burning a draft card a protected right? - No. It is considered federal property.
What is political socialization? - Children undergo political socialization as they are
raised in their families.
In polling lingo, what term is used to describe a situation in which a large majority of
Americans favor or oppose an issue? - Skewed Distribution.
When the president considers his role to be that of a chief clerk, what will his actions
be? - His actions will generally be to follow the legislative branch... he follows the will of
the other two branches, and generally does not initiate or guide national policy.
When the president considers his role to be that of a commander in chief, what will his
actions be? - A president who views his job to be commander in chief will be a strong
leader in the nation. He will be proactive about shaping national policy; generally
forceful and charismatic.
When the president considers his role to be that of a representative leader, what will his
actions be? - He will consider his role to do the wishes of the people, following the will of
the constituents.
Due Process has two components. What are they? - a) The substantive component,
which examines whether or not laws are fair.
, b) the procedural component, which determines whether or not laws have been applied
fairly.
The Palko Rule - A rule resulting from a supreme court judicial decision- it lasted until
the 60s. It compiled an honor roll of what liberties were 'fundamental' and should be
incorporated on a state level, and which liberties were 'non-fundamental' and could be
ignored. Since that point, the 'due process' clause has been more liberally applied and
almost every civil liberty in the constitution has been applied to the states (although not
all)
Free Exercise Clause - Prevents the government from interfering with the free exercise
of religion.
The Lemon Test - 1) The law must have a secular purpose
2) The law's secular purpose cannot advance or inhibit religion
3) The law must not excessively entangle the government with religion
Government Accommodation, in the area of religion and rulings on religion - The belief
that government assistance with religion must be done in a neutral manner and must be
made available to all religious groups.
Secular Regulation Rule - This law establishes that people cannot object to a law
dealing with nonreligious issues on the bases of a religious belief.
Engel vs. Vitale - Forbade prayer in schools
Abington School District vs. Schempp - Prohibited mandatory Bible reading or prayer in
public schools.
Epperson v. Arkansas - Allowed the teaching of evolution in schools.
Strict Scrutiny - A standard of judicial review stating that when any government law or
action places a hardship or infringes on any basic civil liberty, the government must
have a compelling interest in order to justify the restriction and must use the least
restrictive means for achieving the compelling interest
What was the primary purpose of the Interstate Commerce Commission? - It's primary
purpose was to regulate railroads that moved goods and services from one state to
another.
Who launched the 'War on Poverty'? - Lyndon B. Johnson
When differing political parties hold the presidency and congress, what is it called? -
The government is said to be divided.
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