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2024 PEDIATRICS - HESI PRACTICE EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 PEDIATRICS - HESI PRACTICE EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 PEDIATRICS - HESI PRACTICEEXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
A 5-month-old is admitted to the hospital with vomiting and diarrhea. The
pediatrician prescribed dextrose 5% and 0.25% normal saline with 2 mEq
KCI/100 mL to be infused at 25mL/hr. Prior to initiating the infusion, the
nurse should obtain which assessment finding?
A. frequency of emesis is the last 8 hours
B. serum BUN and creatinine levels
C. current blood sugar level
D. appearance of the stool - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. serum BUN and
creatinine levels
Regardless of a client's age, adequate renal function must be present before
adding potassium to IV fluids. (A) is important in determining the need for
fluid replacement. (C) is not indicated. (D) is useful information, but will not
impact administration of the prescribed IV solution.
A preschool-age child who is hospitalized for hypospadias repair is most
strongly influenced by which behavior?
A. ability to communicate verbally
B. response to separation from family
C. concern for body integrity
D. socialization with other children - CORRECT ANSWERS-C. concern for body
integrity
The preschooler's major stressor is concern for his body integrity. He fears
that his "insides will leak out". A child undergoing surgery to his genitalia is
even more concerned about body integrity. the preschooler is quite verbal so
comprehension of the words he uses or hears may be inaccurate, while his
imagination and fears may fantasize the reality. (B) is a concern for all
children, but of most concern to the toddler. (D) is not a prime concern in
this situation.
To take the vital signs of a 4-month old child, which order will give the most
accurate results?
A. Respiratory rate, heart rate, then rectal temperature
B. Heart rate, rectal temperature, then respiratory rate.
C. Rectal temperature, heart rate, then respiratory rate
D. Rectal temperature, respiratory rate, then heart rate - CORRECT
ANSWERS-A. Respiratory rate, heart rate, then rectal temperature
, The respiratory rate should be taken first in infants, since touching them or
performing unpleasant procedures usually makes them cry, elevating the
heart rate and making respirations difficult to count. Rectal temperature is
the most invasive procedure, and is mot likely to precipitate crying, so
should be done last.
When planning the care for a child who has had a cleft lip repair, the nurse
knows that crying should be minimized because it
A. increases salivation
B. increases the respiratory rate
C. leads to vomiting
D. stresses the suture line - CORRECT ANSWERS-D. stresses the suture line
Prevention of stress on the lip suture line is essential for optimum healing
and the cosmetic appearance of a cleft lip repair. Although crying also
causes increased salivation, increased respiratory rate and may lead to
vomiting, these conditions do not create a problem for the child with a cleft
lip repair.
A full-term infant is admitted to the newborn nursery. After careful
assessment, the nurse suspects that the infant may have an esophageal
atresia. Which symptoms is this newborn likely to have exhibited?
A. choking, coughing, and cyanosis
B. projectile vomiting and cyanosis
C. apneic spells and grunting
D. scaphoid abdomen and anorexia - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. choking,
coughing, and cyanosis
(A) includes the "3 C's" of esophageal atresia caused by the overflow of
secretions into the trachea. (B) is characteristic of pyloric stenosis in the
infant. (C) could be due to prematurity or sepsis, and grunting is a sign of
respiratory distress. (D) is characteristic of a diaphragmatic hernia.
Which behavior would the nurse expect a two-year-old child to exhibit?
A. build a house with blocks
B. ride a tricycle
C. display possessiveness of toys
D. look at a picture book for 15 minutes - CORRECT ANSWERS-C. display
possessiveness of toys
Two-year old children are egocentric and unable to share with other children.
(A, B, and D) are behaviors of a preschooler.
The nurse is teaching a 12-year old male adolescent and his family about
taking injections of growth hormone for idiopathic hypopituitarism. Which
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