2024 PEDIATRIC NURSING HESI
REMEDIATION EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
The nurse is providing emergency care for an unconscious child who
presents with a head injury sustained in a fall. Which is the highest nursing
priority?
a. Establish an airway.
b. Assess neurological status.
c. Stabilize the spine.
d. Obtain vital signs. - CORRECT ANSWERS-a
The nurse is assessing the neurovascular status of a child in Russell's
traction. Which finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
a. Pale bluish coloration of the toes.
b. Skin is warm and dry to the touch.
c. Toes are wiggled upon command.
d. Capillary refill less than 3 seconds. - CORRECT ANSWERS-a
What is the recommended serving size of vegetables for a toddler?
a. 1 tablespoon.
b. 1 teaspoon.
c. 1/2 teaspoon.
d. 1/2 tablespoon. - CORRECT ANSWERS-a
,During administration of a blood transfusion, a child complains of chills,
headache, and nausea. Which action should the nurse implement?
a. Start another IV of dextrose solution and stay with the child.
b. Continue the transfusion and monitor the child's vital signs.
c. Stop the infusion immediately and notify the healthcare provider.
d. Slow the transfusion and assess for cessation of symptoms. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-c
The nurse is preparing a health teaching program for parents of toddlers and
preschoolers and plans to include information about prevention of accidental
poisonings. It is most important for the nurse to include which instruction?
a. Tell children they should not taste anything but food.
b. Store all toxic agents and medicines in locked cabinets.
c. Provide special play areas in the house and restrict play in other areas.
d. Punish children if they open cabinets that contain household chemicals. -
CORRECT ANSWERS-b
What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the plan of
care for an infant with pyloric stenosis?
a. Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
b. Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
c. Place in a supine position after feeding.
d. Observe for projectile vomiting. - CORRECT ANSWERS-d
Which measurements should be used to accurately calculate a pediatric
medication dosage? Select all that apply.
a. Child's height and weight.
b. Adult dosage of medication.
c. Body surface area of child.
d. Average adult's body surface area.
,e. Average pediatric dosage of medication.
f. Nomogram determined mathematical constant. - CORRECT ANSWERS-a,c,f
he vital signs of a 4-year-old child with polyuria are: BP 80/40, Pulse 118, and
Respirations 24. The child's pedal pulses are present with a volume of +1,
and no edema is observed. What action should the nurse implement first?
a. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
b. Start an IV infusion of normal saline.
c. Send a specimen to the lab for urinalysis.
d. Document the child's vital signs and pulses. - CORRECT ANSWERS-b
The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child. What behavior indicates that the
child's language development is within normal limits?
a. Is able to name four colors.
b. Can count five blocks.
c. Is capable of making a three word sentence.
d. Half of child's speech is understandable. - CORRECT ANSWERS-c
At 8 a.m. the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the charge nurse
that a female adolescent client with acute glomerulonephritis has a blood
pressure of 210/110. The 4 a.m. blood pressure reading was 170/88. The
client reports to the UAP that she is upset because her boyfriend did not visit
last night. What action should the nurse take first?
a. Give the client her 9 a.m. prescription for an oral diuretic early.
b. Administer PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
c. Notify the healthcare provider and inform the nursing supervisor of the
client's condition.
d. Attempt to calm the client and retake the blood pressure in thirty minutes.
- CORRECT ANSWERS-b
The mother of a preschool-aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to
administer bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol, Bismylate) to her son when
, he "has a tummy ache." After reminding the mother to check the label of all
over-the-counter drugs for the presence of aspirin, which instruction should
the nurse include when replying to this mother's question?
a. If the child's tongue darkens, discontinue the Pepto Bismol immediately.
b. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
c. Avoid the use of Pepto Bismol until the child is at least 16 years old.
d/ Pepto Bismol may cause a rebound hyperacidity, worsening the "tummy
ache." - CORRECT ANSWERS-b
A 12-month-old boy is admitted with a respiratory infection and possible
pneumonia. He is placed in a mist tent with oxygen. Which nursing
intervention has the greatest priority for this infant?
a. Give small, frequent feedings of fluids.
b. Accurately chart observations regarding breath sounds.
c. Have a bulb syringe readily available to remove secretions.
d. Encourage older siblings to visit. - CORRECT ANSWERS-c
The nurse is assessing a two-month-old in preparation for surgery for
coarctation of the aorta repair. Which best describes the pathophysiology of
coarctation of the aorta?
a. Acyanotic defect, increased pulmonary blood flow.
b. Cyanotic defect, obstructed blood flow from ventricles.
c. Acyanotic defect, obstructed blood flow from ventricles.
d. Cyanotic defect, decreased pulmonary blood flow. - CORRECT ANSWERS-c
The emergency department nurse is assessing a three-month-old infant
suspected to be a victim of "shaken baby syndrome". Which type of
intracranial hemorrhage is caused by tearing of a meningeal artery that
causes an inward expansion of blood from the inner surface of the skull?
a. Subarachnoid.
b. Epidural.
REMEDIATION EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
The nurse is providing emergency care for an unconscious child who
presents with a head injury sustained in a fall. Which is the highest nursing
priority?
a. Establish an airway.
b. Assess neurological status.
c. Stabilize the spine.
d. Obtain vital signs. - CORRECT ANSWERS-a
The nurse is assessing the neurovascular status of a child in Russell's
traction. Which finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
a. Pale bluish coloration of the toes.
b. Skin is warm and dry to the touch.
c. Toes are wiggled upon command.
d. Capillary refill less than 3 seconds. - CORRECT ANSWERS-a
What is the recommended serving size of vegetables for a toddler?
a. 1 tablespoon.
b. 1 teaspoon.
c. 1/2 teaspoon.
d. 1/2 tablespoon. - CORRECT ANSWERS-a
,During administration of a blood transfusion, a child complains of chills,
headache, and nausea. Which action should the nurse implement?
a. Start another IV of dextrose solution and stay with the child.
b. Continue the transfusion and monitor the child's vital signs.
c. Stop the infusion immediately and notify the healthcare provider.
d. Slow the transfusion and assess for cessation of symptoms. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-c
The nurse is preparing a health teaching program for parents of toddlers and
preschoolers and plans to include information about prevention of accidental
poisonings. It is most important for the nurse to include which instruction?
a. Tell children they should not taste anything but food.
b. Store all toxic agents and medicines in locked cabinets.
c. Provide special play areas in the house and restrict play in other areas.
d. Punish children if they open cabinets that contain household chemicals. -
CORRECT ANSWERS-b
What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the plan of
care for an infant with pyloric stenosis?
a. Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
b. Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
c. Place in a supine position after feeding.
d. Observe for projectile vomiting. - CORRECT ANSWERS-d
Which measurements should be used to accurately calculate a pediatric
medication dosage? Select all that apply.
a. Child's height and weight.
b. Adult dosage of medication.
c. Body surface area of child.
d. Average adult's body surface area.
,e. Average pediatric dosage of medication.
f. Nomogram determined mathematical constant. - CORRECT ANSWERS-a,c,f
he vital signs of a 4-year-old child with polyuria are: BP 80/40, Pulse 118, and
Respirations 24. The child's pedal pulses are present with a volume of +1,
and no edema is observed. What action should the nurse implement first?
a. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
b. Start an IV infusion of normal saline.
c. Send a specimen to the lab for urinalysis.
d. Document the child's vital signs and pulses. - CORRECT ANSWERS-b
The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child. What behavior indicates that the
child's language development is within normal limits?
a. Is able to name four colors.
b. Can count five blocks.
c. Is capable of making a three word sentence.
d. Half of child's speech is understandable. - CORRECT ANSWERS-c
At 8 a.m. the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the charge nurse
that a female adolescent client with acute glomerulonephritis has a blood
pressure of 210/110. The 4 a.m. blood pressure reading was 170/88. The
client reports to the UAP that she is upset because her boyfriend did not visit
last night. What action should the nurse take first?
a. Give the client her 9 a.m. prescription for an oral diuretic early.
b. Administer PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
c. Notify the healthcare provider and inform the nursing supervisor of the
client's condition.
d. Attempt to calm the client and retake the blood pressure in thirty minutes.
- CORRECT ANSWERS-b
The mother of a preschool-aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to
administer bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol, Bismylate) to her son when
, he "has a tummy ache." After reminding the mother to check the label of all
over-the-counter drugs for the presence of aspirin, which instruction should
the nurse include when replying to this mother's question?
a. If the child's tongue darkens, discontinue the Pepto Bismol immediately.
b. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
c. Avoid the use of Pepto Bismol until the child is at least 16 years old.
d/ Pepto Bismol may cause a rebound hyperacidity, worsening the "tummy
ache." - CORRECT ANSWERS-b
A 12-month-old boy is admitted with a respiratory infection and possible
pneumonia. He is placed in a mist tent with oxygen. Which nursing
intervention has the greatest priority for this infant?
a. Give small, frequent feedings of fluids.
b. Accurately chart observations regarding breath sounds.
c. Have a bulb syringe readily available to remove secretions.
d. Encourage older siblings to visit. - CORRECT ANSWERS-c
The nurse is assessing a two-month-old in preparation for surgery for
coarctation of the aorta repair. Which best describes the pathophysiology of
coarctation of the aorta?
a. Acyanotic defect, increased pulmonary blood flow.
b. Cyanotic defect, obstructed blood flow from ventricles.
c. Acyanotic defect, obstructed blood flow from ventricles.
d. Cyanotic defect, decreased pulmonary blood flow. - CORRECT ANSWERS-c
The emergency department nurse is assessing a three-month-old infant
suspected to be a victim of "shaken baby syndrome". Which type of
intracranial hemorrhage is caused by tearing of a meningeal artery that
causes an inward expansion of blood from the inner surface of the skull?
a. Subarachnoid.
b. Epidural.
