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APHY 101 - Midterm Ch. 1-6 questions and answers.
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APHY 101 - Midterm Ch. 1-6 questions and answers.
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APHY 101 - Midterm Ch. 1-6Acid - questions and answers-Acids are electrolytes that dissociate the release hydrogen ions in
water
Active transport - questions and answers-The movement of materials against a concentration
difference that requires energy
Anabolism - questions and answers-Provides all the materials required for cellular growth and
repair/Larger molecules are constructed from smaller ones
Anticodon - questions and answers-A three base sequence on tRNA
Atom - questions and answers-The smallest unit of matter that defines the chemical elements
Base - questions and answers-A compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in
water
Briefly describe the function of the basement membrane of epithelial tissue - questions and
answers-The underside of epithelial tissue is anchored by a basement membrane to connective
tissue
Catabolism - questions and answers-A group of metabolic processes that break down larger
molecules into smaller ones
Cell differentiation - questions and answers-The process by which genetically identical cells of
an embryo become specialized or the process by which stable differences arise between cells of
the embryo
Chromosome - questions and answers-A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA,
protein, and RNA found in cells. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes,
regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequence.
Codon - questions and answers-A codon is the sequence of three bases on mRNA that codes
for a single amino acid
Coenzymes - questions and answers-Organic molecules that act as cofactors
Compare and contrast the structure and function of DNA and of RNA molecules - questions and
answers-
Compound - questions and answers-A substance made from two or more elements chemically
combined
, Define Extracellular Matrix of connective tissue - questions and answers-In the connective
tissue, matrix is secreted by connective tissue cells into the space surrounding them, where it
serves to bind cells together
Define Homeostasis. How does a homeostatic mechanism maintain homeostasis? - questions
and answers-The body's maintenance of a stable internal environment.
Depend on normal concentrations of water, nutrients, and oxygen, and normal body
temperature and pressure
Define Ion. How do we indicate in a molecular formula if an atom is an ion? - questions and
answers-Ions are atoms that gain or lose electrons and become electrically charged
Define Metabolisim - questions and answers-The sum of all physical and chemical events that
obtain, release, and utilize energy
Describe filtration - questions and answers-The process of forcing molecules through a
membrane
Describe on a molecular level how enzymes perform their function - questions and answers-
Describe osmosis - questions and answers-The diffusion of water through a selectively
permeable membrane
Describe the 3 main types of cells and 3 main types of fibers found in connective tissues -
questions and answers-Fibroblasts, Macrophages, and Mast
Collagenous, Elastic, and Reticular
Describe the 3 types of intercellular junctions - questions and answers-Tight junctions: They are
impermeable junctions that bind cells together into leak proof sheets that prevent substances
from passing through the space between cells
Desmosomes: Located in cells of the skin and function to form a reinforced structural unit
Gap Junctions: Located in cells of the heart muscle and muscle cells of digestive tract and
function to link the cytoplasm of adjacent cells and allow ions, nutrients, and other small
molecules to move between them
Describe the basic structure of the cell/plasma membrane - questions and answers-
Describe the function of the arrector pili muscle - questions and answers-Is attached to hair
follicle; when muscle contracts the hair stands on end, raising goose bumps; triggered if a
person is emotionally upset or very cold
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