151) What is the formula for calculating the dilution of a solution. - V1 x C1 = V2 x C2
V1 is the volume
C1 is concentration of sol 1
V2 is vol of the diluted solution
C2 is conc of diluted solution
241) To confirm a serum antibody specificity identified as anti-P1, a neutralization study was performed
and the following results obtained:
serum + P1 substance = NEGATIVE
serum + saline = NEGATIVE
What conclusion can be made from these results. - anti-P1 cannot be confirmed due to the results of the
negative control
(For neutralization studies to be valid, the saline dilutional control must be reactive. Since neutralization
studies involve adding a substance to the patient's plasma, nonreactivity in test tubes may be due to
simple dilution. The saline control acts as the dilutional control and must be reactive. When the saline
control is reactive, then if the tube with the substance is nonreactive, the interpretation that
neutralization has occurred is made. If it is reactive, neutralization did not occur.)
278) The most sensitive test for the initial diagnosis of cryptococcal disease is: - Cryptococcal latex
antigen test is more sensitive than staining methods
308) Which of the following factors is used only in the extrinsic coagulation pathway? - Factor VII
8) Shown above is a Levy-Jennings quality control chart, which represents control values for 13
consecutive analyses for a particular serum constituent. If the 14th value is below the —2 SD limit,
which of the following should be done? - analysis system should be checked for a deteriorating
component
202) A 1 yr. old girl with a hyperlipoproteinemia and lipase deficiency has the following lipid profile:
cholesterol = 300 mg/dL
,LDL increased
HDL decreased
triglycerides = 200 mg/dL
chylomicrons present
A serum specimen from this patient that was refrigerated overnight would most likely be: - The
chylomicrons, present as a thick homogenous cream layer, may be observed floating at the plasma
surface.
1) Following overnight fasting, hypoglycemia in adults is defined as a glucose of: - <45mg/dL
(<2.5mmol/L)
3) The preparation of a patient for standard glucose tolerance testing should include: - high carb diet for
3 days
4) If a fasting glucose was 90 mg/dL, which of the following 2 hr. postprandial glucose result would most
closely represent normal glucose metabolism? - 100 mg/dL (5.5 mmol/L)
5) A healthy person with a blood glucose of 80 mg/dL (4.4 mmol/L) would have a simultaneously
determined cerebrospinal fluid glucose value of: - 50 mg/dL (2.3 mmol/L)
6) A 25 yr. old man became nauseated and vomited 90 mins after receiving a standard 75 g
carbohydrate dose for an oral glucose tolerance test. The best course of action is to: - draw blood for
glucose and discontinue the test
7) Cerebrospinal fluid for glucose assay should be: - analyzed immediately
8) Which of the following 2 hr. postprandial glucose values demonstrates unequivocal hyperglycemia
diagnostic for diabetes mellitus? - 200 mg/dL (11.0 mmol/L)
10) A 45 yr. old woman has a fasting serum glucose concentration of 95 mg/dL (5.2 mmol/L) and a 2 hr.
postprandial glucose concentration of 105 mg/dL (5.8 mmol/L). The statement which best describes this
patient's fasting serum glucose concentration is: - normal; reflecting glycogen breakdown by the liver
,9) Serum levels that define hypoglycemia in pre-term or low birth weight infants are: - lower than adults
11) Pregnant women with symptoms of thirst, frequent urination or unexplained weight loos should
have which of the following tests performed? - glucose tolerance test
12) In the fasting state, the arterial and capillary blood glucose concentration varies from the venous
glucose concentration by approximately how many mg/dL (mmol/L) - 5 mg/dL (0.27 mmol/L)
13) The conversion of glucose or other hexoses into lactate or pyruvate is called: - glycolysis
14) Which of the following values obtained during a glucose tolerance test are diagnostic of diabetes
mellitus? - fasting plasma glucose = 126 mg/dL (6.9 mmol/L)
15) The glycated hemoglobin value represents the integrated values of glucose concentration during the
preceding: - 6-8 weeks
16) Monitoring long term glucose control in patients with adult onset diabetes mellitus can best be
accomplished by measuring: - hemoglobin A1c
18) Total glycosylated hemoglobin levels in a hemolysate reflect the: - average blood glucose levels of
the past 2-3 months
19) Which of the following hemoglobins has glucose-6-phosphate on the amino-terminal valine of the
beta chain? - A1c
20) A patient with hemolytic anemia will: - show a decrease in glycated Hgb value
21) In using ion-exchange chromatographic methods, falsely increased levels of Hgb A1c might be
demonstrated in the presence of: - Hgb S
22) An increase in serum acetone is indicative of a defect in the metabolism of: - carbohydrates
, 23) An infant with diarrhea is being evaluated for a carbohydrate intolerance. His stool yields a positive
copper reduction test and a pH of 5.0. It should be concluded that: - further tests are indicated
25) What is the best method to diagnose lactase deficiency? - H2 breath test
24) Blood samples were collected at the beginning of an exercise class and after thirty mins. of aerobic
activity. Which of the following would be most consistent with the post exercise sample? - elevated
lactic acid, elevated pyruvate
26) The expected blood gas results for a patient in chronic renal failure would match the pattern of: -
metabolic acidosis
27) Severe diarrhea causes: - metabolic acidosis
29) Factors that contribute to a PCO2 electrode requiring 60-120 seconds to reach equilibrium include
the: - diffusion characteristics of the membrane
30) An emphysema patient suffering from fluid accumulation in the alveolar spaces is likely to be in what
metabolic state? - respiratory acidosis
31) At blood pH 7.40, what is the ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid? - 20:1
32) The reference range for the pH of arterial blood measured at 37C is: -
33) A 68 yr. old man arrives in the emergency room with a glucose level of 722 mg/dL (39.7 mmol/L) and
serum acetone of 4+ undiluted. An arterial blood gas from this patient is likely to be: - low pH
34) A patient is admitted to the emergency room in a state of metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following
would be consistent with this diagnosis? - high PCO2, increased HCO3
36) Metabolic acidosis is described as a: - decrease in CO2 content and PCO2 with a decreased pH
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