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Binghamton Bio 114 Exam 2 Questions and Answers Already Passed

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Binghamton Bio 114 Exam 2 Questions and Answers Already Passed Genetic Drift Refers to the ongoing variation in allele frequencies within a population over time due to random mating events. Genetic drift causes allele frequencies to fluctuate randomly. Random Mating Influences allele ...

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  • August 7, 2024
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Binghamton Bio 114 Exam 2 Questions
and Answers Already Passed

Genetic Drift


✔✔Refers to the ongoing variation in allele frequencies within a population over time due to

random mating events. Genetic drift causes allele frequencies to fluctuate randomly.




Random Mating


✔✔Influences allele frequencies by altering how often specific alleles appear within a

population. This process is inherently unpredictable, with allele frequencies increasing or

decreasing randomly.




Bottlenecks


✔✔Occur when a population's gene pool is drastically reduced, resulting in limited genetic

diversity among the remaining individuals.




Founder Event/Effect


✔✔Describes the shift in allele frequencies that happens when a new population is established

by a small group of individuals in a new location. This often leads to allele frequencies that differ

from those in the original population, particularly evident in the colonization of isolated areas.

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,Non-Random Mating


✔✔Involves mating between individuals with similar phenotypes or those located nearby. This

includes assortative mating, inbreeding, and sexual selection.




Assortative Mating


✔✔Occurs when individuals preferentially pair with others that exhibit similar phenotypic traits.




Inbreeding


✔✔The mating of individuals who share a recent common ancestor, which can be relative

depending on the species and the goal of either introducing new alleles or maintaining current

allele frequencies. For example, cheetahs have high genetic similarity, making their mating

practices a form of inbreeding.




Inbreeding Depression


✔✔Refers to the decrease in fitness observed in offspring and future generations due to

increased homozygosity. This process reduces genetic diversity without altering allele

frequencies, only affecting genotype composition.




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, Sexual Selection


✔✔A specialized form of natural selection where individuals with certain traits have a better

chance of attracting mates, thus increasing their reproductive success.




Sexual Dimorphism


✔✔The difference in appearance between males and females of a species, often resulting from

male competition or female choice. This includes traits that enhance mating success.




Carolus Linnaeus


✔✔(1707-1778) The pioneer of taxonomy, a field of biology dedicated to the classification and

naming of organisms. He developed the binomial nomenclature system and named over 12,000

plant species.




Taxonomic Hierarchy


✔✔A framework used to categorize and name species, aimed at understanding and depicting the

relationships between different species or higher taxonomic groups.




genus and species ✔✔last two of the 7 basic levels of the taxonomic hierarchy; used to name an

individual type of organsim.


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