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BIO 669 quiz 1 Questions and answers | With complete solution
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BIO 669 quiz 1 Questions and answers | With complete solution
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BIO 669 quiz 1 Questions and answers |With complete solution
water makes up ____% in men - 60%
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ii water makes up ____% in women - 50%
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ii made up of 2/3 (40%) of water - intracellular
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ii made up of 1/3 (20%) of water - extracellular
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ii what two things make up extracellular fluid? - Intravascular and interstitial
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ii what % of intravascular is in the extracellular? - 25%
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ii what % of interstitial is in the extracellular? - 75%
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ii who has more water, men or women? - men
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ii who has more water, elderly or pediatric? - pediatric
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why does total body water decrease as we age? - decreased free fat and muscle mass
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renal decline ii
diminished thirst perception ii ii
ii Starling forces - forces affecting movement of fluid between cells and spaces
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ii net filtration - forces favoring filtration minus forces opposing filtration
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ii Osmolarity - concentration of osmotically active particles in a solution
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ii isosmotic - solutions with the same concentrations of solute particles (osmolarity)
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ii hyposomotic - solution with lower osmotic pressure. lower outside ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii
ii hyperosmotic - solution with higher osmolarity. higher inside. ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii
ii isotonic - two solutions with the same osmotic pressure
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Hypotonic - when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of
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solutes within the cell
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Hypertonic - when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of
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solutes within the cell
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, Forces favoring filtration - Capillary hydrostatic pressure (blood pressure) and interstitial
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oncotic pressure (water-pulling)
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Forces favoring reabsorption - Plasma (capillary) oncotic pressure (water-pulling)
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Interstitial hydrostatic pressure ii ii
ii edema - accumulation of fluid within the interstitial spaces
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causes of edema - increased capillary hydrostatic pressure (increased BP),
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decrease of plasma oncotic pressure, ii ii ii ii ii
obstruction of lymphatic circulation, ii ii ii ii
increased capillary permeability ii ii
ii What is ascites? - accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
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example of increased capillary hydrostatic pressure - venous obstruction, salt and water
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retention, heart failure, renal failure
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ii what does increased capillary hydrostatic pressure cause? - forces fluid into tissues
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causes of decreased capillary (plasma) oncotic pressure - decreased plasma albumin
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-decreased synthesis of plasma proteins (cirrhosis, malnutrition) ii ii ii ii ii ii
-increased loss of plasma proteins (nephrotic syndrome) ii ii ii ii ii ii
increased Na+ and H2O retention (dilution of plasma proteins)
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what does lymph obstruction cause? - fluid movement into the tissues
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decreased transport of capillary filtered protein ( thus increasing tissue oncotic pressure)
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ii what are examples of increased capillary permeability? - burns and inflammation
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what does increased capillary permeability do? - proteins escape= loss of plasma
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proteins to interstitial space (thus increasing tissue oncotic pressure and decreased
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capillary oncotic pressure)
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papilledema - swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the
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eye through the optic disk
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ii What causes papilledema? - often caused by increase in intracranial pressure
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ii what is the primary extracellular fluid cation (positive charged ion)? - Sodium
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ii movement of sodium in cell does what to hydrogen? - pushes hydrogen out.
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ii increase in sodium does what to fluid volume? - increases fluid volume
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