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BIO 669 Exam 1 EC Questions and answers Newest 2024/25 Rated A+
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BIO 669 Exam 1 EC Questions and answers Newest 2024/25 Rated A+
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BIO 669 Exam 1 EC Questions andanswers Newest 2024/25 Rated A+
Hypotension, tachycardia and low urine output are signs of - hypovolemia ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii
7.36 ph, high CO2 and high bicarbonate indicates - fully compensated respiratory
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acidosis
ii
If water consists of 60% of TBW. Choose and assign corresponding percentages (40, 5,15
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and 20).
ii ii
ICF = ii
ECF=
Interstitial = ii
Intravascular = - ICF=40; ECF=20; Interstitial = 15 and Intravascular = 5 ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii
Adaptive Immunity is programmed to respond to damage to the body whether the
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damaged tissue is septic or sterile - False .
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Adaptive (Acquired) Immunity is the third line of defense in human body also called the
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immune response or immunity. Whereas the Innate Immune system is programmed to
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respond to damage to the body whether the damaged tissue is septic or sterile.
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1. A patient in the Medical ICU has +3 pitting edema in the extremities, jaundice, icterus,
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and a grossly distended abdomen. Labs show that his albumin levels are 1.2. Which option
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below describe the process behind the ascites and pitting edema ?
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A. Decreased hydrostatic pressure
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B. Decreased capillary oncotic pressure
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C. Increased Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
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D. Decreased interstitial oncotic pressure - B- decreased capillary oncotic pressure
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ii Which of the following is NOT a non volatile acid in the body?
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A. Lactic acid
ii ii
B. Phosphoric acid
ii ii
C. Hydroxybutyric acid
ii ii
D. Carbonic acid - D- carbonic acid
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In one of the major acid/base buffering systems; the lungs will decrease __________
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_________ by blowing off carbon dioxide and leaving water and the kidneys will regulate
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the levels of __________ to maintain a safe pH. - Carbonic acid/bicarbonate
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A patient presents to your office you find; dysthymia, fatigue, decrease bowel sounds,
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thirst, and weakness. What potassium imbalance is this? - Hypokalemia
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, Hyponatremia usually causes the movement of _________into ____ - Answer: water,
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cells
ii
ii Causes of hypernatremia, include: ii ii ii
A excessive free water intake.
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B inappropriate administration of hypertonic saline solution.
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C over secretion of the hormone aldosterone.
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D Cushing syndrome.
ii ii
E ingesting large amounts of dietary sodium. - Answer: B, C, D
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(some Causes of Hypernatremia) ii ii ii
B inappropriate administration of hypertonic saline solution.
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C over secretion of the hormone aldosterone.
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D Cushing syndrome.
ii ii
Early changes of___________ includes tall __________ - Hyperkalemia, peaked T
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waves
ii
ii A _______ is caused by an excess protein that is found in the skin during healing. - Keloid
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Your pt has an ST depression as a well as an inverted T-wave, and prominent U wave on
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EKG monitoring. What lab value is likely responsible?
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a.) Magnesium 2.2 ii ii
b.) Phosphorous 2.0 ii ii
c.) Potassium 2.2 ii ii
d.) Potassium 5.6 - c.) Potassium 2.2
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ii What is an electrolyte? ii ii ii
a.) A substance that is responsible for controlling appetite and mood.
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b.) A hormone that is responsible for feelings of alertness throughout the day.
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c.) A mineral that has an electric charge, found dissolved in bodies of water
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d.) All of the above - c.) A mineral that has an electric charge, found dissolved in bodies of
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water
ii
ii Alzheimer's disease is the result of a decrease in which neurotransmitter ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii
A. Dopamine ii
B. Acetylcholine
ii
C. Norepinephrine
ii
D. Serotonin - B. Acetylcholine
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An excessive amount of this electrolyte can contribute to decreased urine formation, the
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formation of SIADH, weakness, muscle twitching and cerebral edema
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,A. Potassium
ii
B. Calcium
ii
C. Water ii
D. Sodium - D. Sodium
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All of these are causes of edema except:
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A: Increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure
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B: Decreased in plasma oncotic pressure
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C: Increased in capillary permeability
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D: Decrease in hydrostatic pressure - D: Decrease in hydrostatic pressure
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_________ have similar effects to histamine in later stages
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A: prostaglandins
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B: Eosinaphils
ii
C: Leukotrienes
ii
D: Platelet-activating factors - C: Leukotrienes
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Causes of metabolic alkalosis include all the following except:
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a) Mineralocorticoid deficiency
ii ii
B) Hypokalemia
ii
c) Thiazide diuretic therapy
ii ii ii
d) Recurrent vomiting - a) Mineralocorticoid deficiency
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All are true about metabolic alkalosis except one:
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a) Associated with hyperkalemia
ii ii ii
b) Associated with decreased ionic calcium concentration
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c) Can be caused due to Primary hyperaldosteronism
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d) Can be caused due to Renin secreting tumor - a) Associated with hyperkalemia
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Which of the following are 2 forces that favor filtration?
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A. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
ii ii ii
B. Plasma (capillary ) oncotic pressure
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C. Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
ii ii ii
D. Interstitial oncotic pressure - A. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
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D. Interstitial oncotic pressure
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Immunization is an example of which type of immunity?
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A. Active
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, B. Passive - A. Active Immunity
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ii In order for someone to be diagnosed with AIDS what criteria must be met?
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a. CD4 T Cells >400
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b. CD4 T Cells <150
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c. CD4 T Cells <200
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d. CD4 T Cells <400 - c. CD4 T Cells <200
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A 60 year old woman presents with a complicated wound to her left calf. Throughout the
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assessment you gather information from the patient and find out the patient is currently
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smoking. What information would you give to the patient in regards to her current smoking
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habits and her complicated wound?
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a. You can continue to smoke even with your current wound because it will not effect the
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healing process in any way.
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b. Smoking during the healing process can cause vasoconstriction therefore causing
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ischemia and interrupt the healing process.
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c. There are no reason for you to quit smoking since smoking does not effect our health in
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any way.
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d. You should stop smoking because it can increase your risk factors of getting lung
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disease and cardiovascular disease as well. - b. Smoking during the healing process can
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cause vasoconstriction therefore causing ischemia and interrupt the healing process.
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Non-volatile acids such as lactic acid cannot be converted into a gas and excreted as
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__________, so they must be buffered through the __________.
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a) C02, kidneys
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b) HC03, respiratory system
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c) C02, respiratory system
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d) HC03, kidneys - a) C02, kidneys
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As Na+ travels into the cell, ions travel outside to maintain equality which may lead to
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acid/base imbalances.
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a) Cl- ii
b) H+ ii
c) Ca++
ii
d) HCO3 - b) H+
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What is the most abundant cation in the extracellular space?
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a. Potassium
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b. Chloride
ii
c. Sodium
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d. Magnesium - c. Sodium
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