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Combo Fluid and Electrolytes Magnesium and 4 others Questions And Answers
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What are potential complications for Hypernatremia? ~ Seizures and coma leading to irreversible brain damage. What are potential complications for Hyponatremia? ~ Severe neurologic changes. What is treatment for hyponatremia that is caused by water excess? ~ Fluid restriction. In severe...

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  • August 8, 2024
  • 30
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • combo fluid and electrolytes magnesium and 4 other

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Combo Fluid and Electrolytes
Magnesium and 4 others
Questions And Answers

What is Magnesium?


✓~ The second most abundant intracellular cation.




Where is 50 - 60% of the bodys magnesium contained?


✓~ Bone.




What is magnesiums function?


✓~ A coenzyme in the metabolism of carbohydrates and protein. It is also involved in

metabolism of cellular nucleic acids and proteins.




How is magnesium regulated?


✓~ GI absorption and renal excretion.

,What is magnesium important for?


✓~ Normal cardiac function.




What is hypomagnesemia associated with?


✓~ Cardiac dysrhythmias, such as premature ventricular contraction and ventricular

fibrillation.




What causes Hypermagnesemia?


✓~ Renal failure (especially if patient is given magnesium products). Excessive

administration of magnesium for treatment of eclampsia. Adrenal insufficiency.




What are clinical manifestations of Hypermagnesemia?


✓~ Mildly elevated - lethargy, drowsiness, and nausea and vomitting. Increased -

DTR lost, followed by somnolence, and then respiratory and ultimately cardiac arrest.




What is management of Hypermagnesemia?


✓~ Prevention. Chronic kidney diseased patients should not take magnesium

containing drugs and review OTC drugs for magnesium.

, What is emergency treatment for Hypermagnesemia?


✓~ IV of calcium chloride or calcium gluconate to physiologically oppose the effects

of the magnesium on cardiac muscle. Promote urinary excretion. Impaired renal

function will required dialysis.




What are the causes of Hypomagnesemia?


✓~ Diarrhea, vomiting, chronic alcoholism, impaired GI absorption, Mal-absorption

syndrome, prolonged malnutrition, large urine output, NG suction, poorly controlled

DM, hyperaldosteronism.




What is the major cause of magnesium deficiency?


✓~ Prolonged fasting or starvation.




How are mild magnesium deficiencies treated?


✓~ Oral supplements and increased dietary intake of foods high in magnesium.




What are foods high in magnesium?


✓~ Green vegetables, nuts, bananas, oranges, peanut butter, chocolate.

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