NSG-300 Topic 3 Immobility Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NSG 300
Institution
NSG 300
Body mechanics Coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems
Alignment and balance Also refers to posture
Gravity Weight force exerted on the body
Friction Force that occurs in a direction opposite to movement
Skeletal system -Provides attachments for muscles and ligaments, pro...
NSG-300 Topic 3 Immobility Review
Questions and Correct Answers
Body mechanics ✅Coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems
Alignment and balance ✅Also refers to posture
Gravity ✅Weight force exerted on the body
Friction ✅Force that occurs in a direction opposite to movement
Skeletal system ✅-Provides attachments for muscles and ligaments, protects vital
organs, aids in calcium regulation
-Provides leverage for mobility
-Bones are long, short, flat, or irregular
-Joints
-Ligaments, tendons, and cartilage
Muscle movement and posture ✅-Skeletal muscles are working elements of
movement
Nervous system ✅-Regulates movement and posture
Pathological Influences on Mobility ✅postural abnormalities, impaired muscle
development, damage to CNS, musculoskeletal trauma
Mobility ✅-refers to a person's ability to move about freely, and immobility refers to the
inability to do so
Effects of muscular deconditioning ✅Disuse atrophy
Physiological
Psychological
Social
Changes in mobility alter ✅Endocrine metabolism
Calcium resorption
Functioning of the GI system
Homeostasis ✅Endocrine system helps maintain
Immobility disrupts normal metabolic functioning by: ✅Decreases metabolic rate
,Alters metabolism
Causes GI distrubances
Immobile patients are at high risk for developing pulmonary complications
✅Atelectasis
Hypostatic pneumonia
A. Atelectasis. ✅You notice a respiratory change in your immobilized postoperative
patient. The change you note is most consistent with:
A. Atelectasis.
B. Hypertension.
C. Orthostatic hypotension.
D. Coagulation of blood.
Atelectasis ✅is the collapse of alveoli
Movement ✅requires a coordinated effort between the musculoskeletal and nervous
systems.
Body mechanics ✅Nurses pay attention to _______________ to avoid injury to self
and patients.
Alignment and balance or posture ✅refer to the positioning of joints, tendons,
ligaments, and muscles while standing, sitting, or lying.
Body allginment ✅means that the individual's center of gravity is stable. Without
balance control the center of gravity is displaced.
Individuals require balance: ✅for maintaining a static position (e.g., sitting) and moving
(e.g., walking).
Balance ✅Medications that cause dizziness and prolonged immobility effect
_________
Impaired balance ✅is a major threat to mobility and physical safety and contributes to
a fear of falling and self-imposed activity restrictions.
Weight ✅is the force exerted by gravity
Balance ✅Individuals require ____________ for maintaining a static position (e.g.,
sitting) and moving (e.g., walking).
, People's center of gravity ✅are usually at 55% to 57% of standing height and are in
the midline, which is why only using principles of body mechanics in lifting patients often
leads to injury of the nurse or health care professional
Shear or tear ✅The greater the surface area of the object that is moved, the greater
the friction. Large objects produce greater resistance to movement. This is why nurses
need to be aware of the friction that can cause a patient's skin to _______________.
Shear ✅The force exerted against the skin while the skin remains stationary and the
bony structures move is called
Bones ✅are important for mobilization because they are firm, rigid, and elastic. The
aging process changes the components of bone, which impacts mobility.
Age ✅Elasticity and skeletal flexibility change with
Osteoporosis and pathological fractures (fractures caused by weakened bone tissue).
✅Patients with decreased calcium regulation and metabolism, and immobility, are at
risk for developing
The skull around the brain and the ribs around the heart and lungs. ✅How does the
skeletal system protect vital organs?
Risk for falling ✅Patients with altered bone marrow function or diminished RBC
production fatigue easily because of reduced hemoglobin and oxygen-carrying ability.
This fatigue decreases their mobility and increases the __________________, which
impacts a patient's mobility status.
Ligaments ✅flexible bands of fibrous tissue binding joints
Tendons ✅fibrous bands of tissue that connect muscle to bone and are strong,
flexible, and inelastic
Cartilage ✅is nonvascular (without blood vessels) supporting connective tissue located
chiefly in the joints and thorax, trachea, larynx, nose, and ear. The characteristics of the
cartilage change with the aging process.
Bones store calcium and release it into the circulation as needed. ✅What do bones
store?
Active processes ✅Movement of bones and joints involves
Skeletal muscles ✅because of their ability to contract and relax, are the working
elements of movement
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