Exam (elaborations)
Cardiopulmonary Exam Questions for Success
- Course
- Cardiopulmonary
- Institution
- University Of Cincinnati
Cardiopulmonary Exam Questions for Success
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Cardiopulmonary Exam Questions for SuccessCardiac Exam -ANS>1) Inspection
2) Palpation
3) Auscultation
Surface Landmarks of Heart -ANS>-Right Ventricle occupies anterior cardiac
surface
-Left Border = Left Ventricle
-Right Border = Right Atrium
Left Atrium is posterior
Valves of the Heart -ANS>All Patients Trust Me
Aortic - Found at Right 2nd IC
Pulmonic - Found at Left 2nd IC
Tricuspid - Left 4th IC
Bicuspid - Left 5th IC
Angle of Louis -ANS>Manubrio-sternal junction at 2nd IC space
Position of the IJV -ANS>Can act as an indicator of Central Venous Pressure
Runs between the two heads of the SCM
, You can't see the IJV unless distention is present
The carotid artery is right next to it so make sure you aren't looking at it pulsating
Palpate radial artery and if the pulse syncs up to the radial pulse then its from the
carotid artery
Position of the EJV -ANS>Runs obliquely across the SCM
If it is not readily apparent, have the patient turn the head to the opposite direct,
and valsalva (hold breath/push or bear down)
This usually makes EJ stand out
Position of Carotid Artery -ANS>Lies just medial to the pass of IJV
Testing the Hepato-Jugular Reflux -ANS>Patient at 30-45 degrees
Apply gentle pressure to RUQ over liver for 5 to 10 seconds
In pathologic states, this causes blood that has pooled in the liver to flow in
retrograde and fill out the IJV
Jugular Venous Distention -ANS>After performing the hepato-jugular reflux,
estimate how high the top of the venous column is ABOVE THE ANGLE OF LOUIS
GREATER THAN 4 CM IS CONSIDERED ABNORMAL
Elevated JVD indicates elevated central venous pressure CVP
Central Venous Pressure -ANS>JVD + 5 cm = a good estimate of CVP
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