nitroglycerin
~ a nitrate drug used in the treatment of angina
bruit
~ an abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard during asucultation of an artery or
organ
cardioversion
~ the restoration of the hearts normal sinus rythm through an electric shock
delivered by a defibrillator
extrac...
✓~ Outpouchings or dilations of the arterial wall.
What is the primary cause of Aortic Aneurysms?
✓~ Classified as degenerative, congenital, mechanical, inflammatory or infectious.
,Where are most aortic aneurysms found?
✓~ Abdominal aorta below the level of the renal arteries.
What are the most common manifestations of thoracic aortic aneurysms?
✓~ Often asymptomatic. Most common are deep, diffuse chest pain that may extend
to the intrascapular area, hoarseness and dysphagia.
What are the symptoms of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAAs)?
✓~ Often asymptomatic, but may mimic pain associated with abdominal or back
disorders.
What is the most serious complication related to an untreated aneurysm?
✓~ Rupture and bleeding.
What is diagnostic testing for AAAs?
✓~ Chest x-ray, ECG, echocardiography, CT, and MRI.
What is the goal of management of a aortic aneurysm?
, ✓~ Prevent the aneurysm from rupturing.
When is surgical repair done for an aortic aneurysm?
✓~ When the aneurysm is greater than 5 cm, and are rapidly expanding or have a
high risk for rupture, and in those who are symptomatic.
What is an alternative to conventional surgery for an aortic aneurysm?
✓~ Minimally invasive endovascular aneurysm repair involving the placement of a
sutureless aortic graft into the abdominal aorta inside the aneurysm.
What is the overall goal for the patient undergoing aortic surgery?
✓~ Normal tissue perfusion, intact motor and sensory function, and no complications
related to surgical repair, such as thrombosis or infection.
What does the patient require with a postoperative aortic surgery?
✓~ Close monitoring in an ICU setting. Monitoring for graft patency and adequate
renal perfusion are priorities, maintenance of adequate BP. Antibiotics for infection
prevention. Peripheral pulses, skin temp and color, cap refil time and CMS. Urine
outputs and daily weights.
, What should the patient be instructed on discharge of a aortic surgery?
✓~ Gradually increase activities but avoid heavy lifting for 6 weeks.
What is an Aortic Dissection?
✓~ Result of a tear in the intimal (innermost) lining of the arterial wall, creating a
false lumen through which blood flows.
What are the most likely causes of Aortic Dissection?
✓~ Degeneration of the elastic fibers in the medial layer and chronic hypertension.
What do patients with an acute ascending aortic dissection report?
✓~ Sudden severe onset of excruciating chest and/or back pain radiating to the neck
or shoulders.
What do patients with a acute descending aortic dissection report?
✓~ Back, abdomen or leg pain that is sharp and worse ever followed by less
frequently by tearing or ripping.
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