✓~ An estimated 73,000 hospitalizations and 1500 deaths among women are
attributed to domestic violence each year!
Comorbidity
✓~ Secondary effects of violence, such as anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation
are health issues that can last a lifetime. Exposure to violence can affect a child's
development, b/c the energy needed to accomplish developmental tasks goes to
coping with violence.
,Social factors
✓~ that reinforce violence include wide acceptance of violent movies, video games,
internet sites and comic books.
Theory of family violence
✓~ Refers to physical injury or mental anguish inflicted by one family member upon
another and the omission or deprivation of essential services by a caregiver.
Read Box25-2 and 25-3
✓~ for characteristics of violent parents and elder abusers
Conditions for violence
✓~ Requires: a perpetrator, someone who by age or situation is vulnerable & a crisis
situation.
More likely to engage in family violence when substances are used. Perpetrators
have poor social skills & lack supportive relationships outside the marriage.
Pregnancy often serves to increase violence
, ✓~ . Victims are at greatest risk when they attempt to leave the relationship.
Childen & Adolescents
✓~ Children if younger than 3
Adolescents are abused at least as frequently as younger children, yet such
abuse is often overlooked.
Elder Abuse
✓~ Elders-their dependency needs is what puts them at risk for abuse.
Crisis situation
✓~ -is one that puts stress on the family. Stressful life events tax coping skills,
leaving the perpetrator incapable of dealing with what is going on.
Cycle of violence
✓~ Periods of intense violence alternate with normal periods of safety, hope and trust.
Tension building stage
, ✓~ -pushing and shoving is acceptable, so the abuser rationalizes that their behavior
is acceptable.
Acute battering stage
✓~ -the abuser releases the built up tension by brutal and uncontrollable beatings
The honeymoon stage
✓~ - kindness and loving behaviors. Unfortunately without intervention this stage
will fade away as tension starts to build.
Escalation-deescalation
✓~ - the violence increases over time.
See figure 25-1 p511.
There are 5 types of maltreatment:
✓~ Physical violence
Sexual violence
Emotional violence
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