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Exam 2 PSYC 318 CH. 9 Flashcards _ 100- SURE ANSWERS..pdf
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8/8/24, 3:53 AMExam 2 PSYC 318 CH. 9
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (19)
The universal baby has the ability to distinguish between all the speech contrasts used
in all human languages. But by the end of the first year, they become an expert at
What are some ways the infant goes from phonemic distinctions in their native language and lose the ability to hear distinctions
being a "Universal Baby" to a"Native not present in their native language. (Native language specialist)
Language Specialist" in the first year of life?
This occurs because babies learn their languages 1) stress patterns and 2) allowable
sound combinations
What is the conditioned head-turn Infants hear speech sounds presented repeatedly.. when the sounds changes, a puppet
procedure (used to determine whether appears to the side. The test is whether the infant will anticipate the puppet (turn their
infants detect phonemic contrasts)? head) before the puppet appears?
1. Infants attention drawn forward
What is the head-turn preference procedure 2. Light to right or left signals that one speaker will play sound
(used to determine whether infants 3. as long as infant looks, sound continues
discriminate between 2 different types of 4. If infant looks away, sound stops
linguistic stimuli, such as stress-first vs.
stress-last words) This can tell us whether infant can discriminate between 2 sounds; whether infant
prefers one sound over another
How does the structure of the newborn's The pharynx is not yet formed in infants making it difficult to produce speech sounds.
vocal tract make it difficult to produce
speech sounds?
- Reflexive vocalization (0-2m) crying, hiccups, burps, sighs
- Cooing (2-4m) vowels, laughing
What are the stages of babbling? - Vocal Play (4-8m) fricatives, growls, squeals
- Canonical babbling (8m) bababab dadadada
-Jargon babbling (12m) Badiga
Adults around the world use a special type of speech when addressing infants
- higher pitch
What are the characteristics of Infant -exaggerated intonation
Directed Speech? -slower and clearer
-lengthened pauses
Exam 2 PSYC 318 CH. 9
-exaggerated facial expressions
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