SLCC PHARM #1 – MIDTERM EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Antidote for digoxin toxicity - Answer-IV digoxin immune fab (Combines with Digoxin,
making it unable to attach to a receptor site)
Therapeutic range for digoxin - Answer-0.5 - 2 ng/mL
*Lower range 0.5 - 0.8 ng/mL suggested to minimize adverse effects without sacrificing
efficacy
Adverse effects of digoxin - Answer-Bradycardia
hypotension
toxicity
N/V
dysrhythmias
hypokalemia (Nausea/vomiting, general weakness)
visual disturbance ( blurred vision, yellow vision, halo effect).
Digoxin toxicity - Answer-Digoxin induced dysrhythmias (all types!)
Bradycardia
AV block most common
Ventricular flutter/fib most dangerous
GI: Anorexia, N/V
CNS: Drowsiness/weakness, blurred vision/colored (yellow) halos
Digoxin uses - Answer-Decrease in electrical conduction through av node
Increase myocardial contraction
Cardiac Glycoside
What does Digoxin treat? - Answer-Heart failure
How does Propranolol affect a diabetic? - Answer-Must monitor blood glucose. It masks
the hypoglycemic effect
Name 3 calcium channel blockers - Answer-Diltiazem
Nifedipine
Verapamil
Nursing considerations for Calcium Channel Blockers? (List 5) - Answer-1: Check for
interactions if giving abx. (Macrolides - get tachy dysrhythmias)
2: Monitor ECG & BP if given IV
, 3: Separate the use of Beta Blockers by a few hours (suppresses contractility and av
conduction)
4: No grapefruit juice
5: Give lots of fiber
What are the fatal adverse effects of amiodarone? - Answer-Pulmonary toxicity (10%
fatal)
Exacerbation of treated arrhythmia
Liver disease
Which drug can cause Lupus erythematosus-like-syndrome? - Answer-Procainamide
Symptoms of Lupus erythematosus-like-syndrome - Answer-Fever, painful swollen
joints, butterfly-shaped rash on face
(can give NSAIDS)
What electrolyte is associated with Digoxin? - Answer-Potassium (normal levels 3.5-5.0)
What does ACE stand for? - Answer-Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme
What are the adverse effects of ACE Inhibitors? (List 7) - Answer-1: Dry cough
2: Hyperkalemia risk
3: Rash & dysqeusia (altered taste)
4: Angioedema
5: Neutropenia
6: Orthostatic Hypotension
7: Hypotensive risk
When would a nurse give Captopril? (List 3) - Answer-1: Hypertension
2: Heart Failure
3: MI
What does ACE Inhibitor do? - Answer-ACE inhibitors- Prevent conversion of
angiotensin to an active vasoconstrictor form thereby promoting vasodilation.
What do ACE Inhibitor medications end in? - Answer-Medications end in "-pril"
Low dose range of dopamine (intropin) - Answer-Renal perfusion
(Vasodilation)
Moderate dose range of dopamine (intropin) (List 3) - Answer-1: Increased HR
2: Increased contractility
3: Increased rate of conduction through the AV node
(Stimulates B1 receptor)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Antidote for digoxin toxicity - Answer-IV digoxin immune fab (Combines with Digoxin,
making it unable to attach to a receptor site)
Therapeutic range for digoxin - Answer-0.5 - 2 ng/mL
*Lower range 0.5 - 0.8 ng/mL suggested to minimize adverse effects without sacrificing
efficacy
Adverse effects of digoxin - Answer-Bradycardia
hypotension
toxicity
N/V
dysrhythmias
hypokalemia (Nausea/vomiting, general weakness)
visual disturbance ( blurred vision, yellow vision, halo effect).
Digoxin toxicity - Answer-Digoxin induced dysrhythmias (all types!)
Bradycardia
AV block most common
Ventricular flutter/fib most dangerous
GI: Anorexia, N/V
CNS: Drowsiness/weakness, blurred vision/colored (yellow) halos
Digoxin uses - Answer-Decrease in electrical conduction through av node
Increase myocardial contraction
Cardiac Glycoside
What does Digoxin treat? - Answer-Heart failure
How does Propranolol affect a diabetic? - Answer-Must monitor blood glucose. It masks
the hypoglycemic effect
Name 3 calcium channel blockers - Answer-Diltiazem
Nifedipine
Verapamil
Nursing considerations for Calcium Channel Blockers? (List 5) - Answer-1: Check for
interactions if giving abx. (Macrolides - get tachy dysrhythmias)
2: Monitor ECG & BP if given IV
, 3: Separate the use of Beta Blockers by a few hours (suppresses contractility and av
conduction)
4: No grapefruit juice
5: Give lots of fiber
What are the fatal adverse effects of amiodarone? - Answer-Pulmonary toxicity (10%
fatal)
Exacerbation of treated arrhythmia
Liver disease
Which drug can cause Lupus erythematosus-like-syndrome? - Answer-Procainamide
Symptoms of Lupus erythematosus-like-syndrome - Answer-Fever, painful swollen
joints, butterfly-shaped rash on face
(can give NSAIDS)
What electrolyte is associated with Digoxin? - Answer-Potassium (normal levels 3.5-5.0)
What does ACE stand for? - Answer-Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme
What are the adverse effects of ACE Inhibitors? (List 7) - Answer-1: Dry cough
2: Hyperkalemia risk
3: Rash & dysqeusia (altered taste)
4: Angioedema
5: Neutropenia
6: Orthostatic Hypotension
7: Hypotensive risk
When would a nurse give Captopril? (List 3) - Answer-1: Hypertension
2: Heart Failure
3: MI
What does ACE Inhibitor do? - Answer-ACE inhibitors- Prevent conversion of
angiotensin to an active vasoconstrictor form thereby promoting vasodilation.
What do ACE Inhibitor medications end in? - Answer-Medications end in "-pril"
Low dose range of dopamine (intropin) - Answer-Renal perfusion
(Vasodilation)
Moderate dose range of dopamine (intropin) (List 3) - Answer-1: Increased HR
2: Increased contractility
3: Increased rate of conduction through the AV node
(Stimulates B1 receptor)
